我国监护人责任诉讼形态的反思与厘定  

The Introspection and Correction of the Litigation Form of Guardian Responsibility Disputes

作　　者：祝颖 ZHU Ying(Law College,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《河北法学》2020年第8期125-135,共11页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：贵州大学文科重大科研项目《法律思维视角下民事实体与程序问题协同研究》(GDZT201705)。

摘　　要：《民诉法解释》第67条确立的监护人责任纠纷适用必要共同诉讼规则,有悖于《民事诉讼法》关于必要共同诉讼"诉讼标的同一"的法定构成要件规定。既无法在制度层面形成必要共同诉讼识别标准规则内部的程序体系自洽,也无法在"合一确定必要性"与"共同诉讼必要性"理论识别标准下,从固有必要共同诉讼和类似必要共同诉讼的理论类型再划分中得到正当阐释。在《侵权责任法》第32条和《民事诉讼法》第57条的制度叠加效应下,还会带来监护人诉讼角色重复及不利于被监护人权益保护的诸多程序问题。《侵权责任法》第32条第2款的法律规范属性属于广义意义上的实质民事强制执行规范,是监护人责任案件判决执行力扩张的法律依据而非独立请求权基础,监护人责任诉讼形态应采用监护人单独被告形式。Article 67 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People’s Court Concerning the Application of the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China establishes rule of necessary joint action in the guardian responsibility disputes.The rule is neither in unity to the constitutive requirements stipulated by article 53 of the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China,nor in conformity with the type division of true necessary common litigation and similar necessary common litigation of theoretical explanations.According to article 32 of the tort liability law and article 57 of the Civil Procedure Law,the rule will bring many application problems,such as repetition of guardian litigation role and damage to guardian rights and interests.The second paragraph of article 32 of the tort liability law does not conform to the structure of the right basis"constitutive requirements and legal effect",but provide the legal basis of the expansion of executive power in guardian responsibility case.Its regulation nature belongs to the nature of civil enforcement norms in broad sense.In a word,guardian should be the separate defendant in the guardian responsibility disputes.

关 键 词：监护人责任 必要共同诉讼 请求权基础 规范属性 执行力扩张 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学]