湿法净化磷酸在食品行业中的应用研究  

Application of purified wet phosphoric acid in food Industry

作　　者：王凤霞 李文飞 胡国涛 赵杰 杨坤 王诗瀚 杨晓健 张丹 WANG Feng-xia;LI Wen-fei;HU Guo-tao;ZHAO Jie;YANG Kun;WANG Shi-han;YANG Xiao-jian;ZHANG Dan(State Key Laboratory of Efficiency Utilization for Low Grade Phosphate Rocks and Its Associated Resources,Guiyang 510016;WengFu(Group)Co.,Ltd,Guiyang 550000;Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025;Food and Drug Testing of Qiandongnan,Kaili 556012)

机构地区：[1]中低品位磷矿及伴生资源高效利用国家重点实验室,贵阳550016 [2]瓮福(集团)有限责任公司,贵阳550000 [3]贵州大学贵州省大环与超分子化学重点实验室,贵阳550025 [4]黔东南州食品药品检验检测中心,凯里556012

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2020年第8期24-30,共7页China Food Additives

摘　　要：以食品级湿法净化磷酸为研究对象,将其作为澄清剂、脱胶剂及发酵用营养物质分别在制糖澄清、油脂精炼脱胶、微生物发酵工艺中进行试验,并以热法磷酸做为对照,验证其在以上三种行业中的应用性能与热法磷酸是否存在差异。试验结果表明,在制糖工艺中,添加湿法净化磷酸的甘蔗清汁色值为46.71IU,浑浊度为58.80MAU,脱色率为81.5%;而添加热法磷酸的甘蔗清汁色值为46.83IU,浑浊度为55.04MAU,脱色率为82.0%;上述结果表明,二者在脱色率、色值、浑浊度上不存在显著性差异。油脂精炼脱胶工艺的结果表明,与水化脱胶相比,在添加湿法磷酸后,对大豆、菜籽、花生、葵花籽毛油的脱胶率可分别提高46.31%、9.23%、28.87%、38.77%;而采用热法磷酸后,其脱胶率可分别提高46.02%、9.27%、29.26%、37.85%;这表明二者在对毛油脱胶率的提高效果上不存在显著性差异。最后,在微生物发酵培养基中添加湿法净化磷酸对菌株单菌落直径、生长量、发酵能力、产酒精量、产酸量等指标的影响与热法磷酸相同。因此,从上述试验结果中可以看出,湿法净化磷酸在制糖澄清工艺、油脂精炼脱胶工艺、微生物发酵工艺上均能够使用,且使用效果与热法磷酸并无显著性差异。The food grade purified wet phosphoric acid was selected as the clarifying agent,the degumming agent and the nutrient substance for fermentation was studied in this work.The Sugar cane with the color value(46.71 IU),turbidity 58.80 MAU)and decolorization rate(81.5%)was produced with wet phosphoric acid,which showed no significant difference with the sugar juice produced with thermal method phosphoric acid(color value of 46.83 IU,turbidity of 55.04 MAU and decolorization rate of 82.0%)in the sugar making process.The effect of wet phosphoric acid and thermal method phosphoric acid was also compared in the oil degumming,and microbial fermentation process.The experimental results indicate the wet phosphoric acid can increase the degumming rate of soybean,rapeseed,peanut and sunflower seed crude oil by 46.31%,9.23%,28.87%and 38.77%,respectively,compared with the hydrated degumming.And the thermal method phosphoric acid can increase the degumming rate by 46.02%,9.27%,29.26%and 37.85%,respectively,which is close to the wet phosphoric acid.In the microbial fermentation process,there is nearly no difference between the purified wet phosphoric acid and thermal method phosphoric acid in the effect on the microbial fermentation process by comparing the diameter,growth rate,fermentation capacity,alcohol production,acid production and other indexes of bacterial colony.In conclusion,purified wet phosphoric acid can be used in sugar clarification,oil degumming,and microbial fermentation process.And there is no difference between thermal method phosphoric acid and purified wet phosphoric acid.

关 键 词：湿法净化磷酸 热法磷酸 澄清工艺 脱胶 微生物 

分 类 号：TS202.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]