历代文献记载中的昭君墓及相关问题  

Historical Records of Zhaojun’s Tomb and Related Questions

作　　者：王绍东[1] 汤国娜 WANG Shao-dong;TANG Guo-na(School of History and Tourism Culture,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010070,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学历史与旅游文化学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010070

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期85-93,共9页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“多维视角下内蒙古地区战国秦汉长城研究”(13BZS020)。

摘　　要：王昭君可能是中国历史上墓葬最多的女性。通过对历代文献和民间传说的梳理,目前能够找到十一座可以确定的昭君墓。这些昭君墓分布在内蒙古、山西、陕西、河北、山东等地。其中,内蒙古呼和浩特市南郊大黑河畔的昭君墓在历史记载中出现最早,代表性最强,关注度最高。实际上,王昭君在匈奴生活的时代,匈奴的单于庭及政治中心都在漠北,历史史料也没有昭君回葬汉地的记载,她葬于漠北地区的可能性更大。各地修筑的昭君墓,是对昭君出塞促进民族间友好往来事迹的一种赞扬、表彰的方式,体现了人民大众对昭君的喜爱、对和平的向往。昭君墓别名“青冢”,其本义就是“绿色草原上的大墓”。“青冢”一词蕴含的文化意蕴,得到了人民群众的普遍接受和认同。Wang Zhaojun may be the female who has the largest number of tombs in Chinese history.Through summarizing the historical documents and folktales,eleven of Zhaojun’s tombs have been found positively so far.These tombs are distributed in Inner Mongolia,Shanxi,Shaanxi,Hebei,Shandong and other places.Among them,the one on the side of Dahei River in the southern suburb of Hohhot,Inner Mongolia is the most representative,the most famous and the earliest in historical records.In fact,at the time that Zhaojun lived in the Huns area,the Huns’capital Chanyu Ting as well as their political center was located in the Mobei area.Moreover,there was no historical record to prove that Zhaojun was buried in the Han region so it is more likely that she was buried in the Mobei area.The tombs built for Zhaojun in those places are a way to extol and honor Zhaojuns’deeds of promoting friendly exchanges among different ethnic groups,which reflects people’s love for Zhaojun and their yearning for peace.Zhaojun’s tomb is aliased as“Qing Zhong”,which means the massive tomb on the green prairie.The cultural connotation contained in“Qing Zhong”has been generally accepted and recognized by the masses.

关 键 词：王昭君 昭君出塞 昭君墓 青冢 

分 类 号：K234.2[历史地理—历史学]