莱芜生姜温度适宜性研究  

The Temperature Suitability of Laiwu Ginger

作　　者：王琪珍 范永强 徐风霞[2] Wang Qizhen;Fan Yongqiang;Xu Fengxia(Jinan Meteorological Bureau,Jinan 250031,Shandong,China;Shouguang Meteorological Bureau,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市气象局,济南250031 [2]寿光市气象局,山东寿光262700

出　　处：《农学学报》2020年第9期38-42,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：“十三五”山东重大气象保障工程项目“特色农业气象服务技术研究”(鲁发改农经[2017]97号)。

摘　　要：利用2009-2018年莱芜生姜生长季内的气象资料,结合生姜发育期指标,应用模糊数学法建立日尺度的温度适宜度模型,定量分析评估生姜不同发育期温度适宜度特征及对气候变化的响应。结果表明,莱芜生姜生长季内温度适宜较高,平均为0.72,除播种至出苗期外均超过0.7。生姜温度适宜度收获期>幼苗期>旺盛生长期>播种至出苗期,播种至出苗期温度适宜度波动较大,温度是影响生姜适时播种的主要气象因子。2009-2018年莱芜生姜温度适宜度变化特征明显,播种至出苗期、幼苗期、旺盛生长期温度适宜度呈上升趋势,使生姜遭受低温和高温热害的风险降低。在全球气候变暖的背景下,莱芜生姜生长季内温度适宜度呈线性增长趋势,温度对生姜的生长发育有一定的积极作用。基于数理统计方法,确定了生姜不同发育期温度适宜性的3类评价指标(不适宜、适宜、非常适宜)。Based on the meteorological data during the growing season of Laiwu ginger from 2009 to 2018,and combined with the index of ginger developing period,a daily temperature suitability model was established by using the fuzzy mathematics method,and the characteristics of temperature suitability in different growth periods of ginger and its response to climate change were quantitatively analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that the temperature suitability of Laiwu ginger in the growing season was relatively high,with an average of 0.72,which exceeded 0.7 except from sowing to seedling stage.The ginger temperature suitability was:harvesting period>young sprout period>exuberant growing period>sowing to germination period.Temperature suitability fluctuated greatly from sowing to germination period.Temperature was the main meteorological factor affecting the timely sowing of ginger.From 2009 to 2018,the temperature suitability of Laiwu ginger changed obviously,showing an increasing trend from sowing period,seedling period to young sprout period,and vigorous growth period,which reduced the risk of low temperature and high temperature.Under the background of global warming,the temperature suitability of ginger in Laiwu presents a linear increase during the growing season,and temperature has a positive effect on the growth and development of ginger.Based on mathematical statistical methods,three kinds of evaluation indexes(not suitable,suitable,and very suitable)for the temperature suitability of ginger in different development stages are determined.

关 键 词：生姜 模糊数学法 适宜度模型 温度适宜性 评价指标 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]