水分胁迫对欧李生长和经济效益的影响  

Water Stress and Cerasus humilis: Impact on Growth and Economic Benefit

作　　者：张洪银[1] 蔡崭红[1] 殷韶梅[1] 涂建军 王昊[1] 马文礼[1] Zhang Hongyin;Cai Zhanhong;Yin Shaomei;Tu Jianjun;Wang Hao;Ma Wenli(Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation,Forestry and Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Service Center,Yinchuan 750024,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农垦农林牧技术推广服务中心,银川750024

出　　处：《农学学报》2020年第9期48-52,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发项目“欧李优新品种引选与产业化关键技术研究示范”(2020BBF02027)。

摘　　要：通过滴灌条件下欧李树适宜灌水下限研究,确定欧李在西北中部干旱地区沙壤土适宜灌溉定额。研究结果显示,欧李生长量指标总体表现出前期较快而中期后减缓,并随水分胁迫加剧差异显著。在55%下限的灌水条件下,植株生长表现最优,株高、茎粗、叶片数、果茎平均生长量分别为50 cm、5.82 mm、56个、20.25 mm,单果重15.54 g,单株产量229.02 g,明显优于其他灌水水平。从综合效益看,水分条件适宜有利于增产,且经济效益显著,除去水电费成本直接效益72169.48元/hm^2。结果表明,在土壤含水率占田间持水量55%下限的灌水条件下,耗水量为5009.78 m^3/hm^2,灌溉定额为3688.35 m^3/hm^2,有利于欧李作物生长和果实品质因子数量的积累。By studying the lower limit of suitable irrigation of Cerasus humilis under drip irrigation,the proper irrigation quota of C.humilis in the sandy loam of northwest central arid region of China was determined.The results showed that the growth index of C.humilis was faster in the early stage and slower in the middle stage,and the difference was significant with the aggravation of water stress.Under the condition of 55%lower limit of irrigation,plant growth performance was the best,plant height,stem diameter,number of leaves and average fruit stem growth were 50 cm,5.82 mm,56 leaves and 20.25 mm,respectively,single fruit weight was 15.54 g,and yield per plant was 229.02 g,which was significantly superior to other irrigation levels.In view of the comprehensive benefit,the water condition was suitable for increasing production,excluding the cost of water and electricity,the direct benefit could be 72169.48 yuan/hm^2.The results showed that the water consumption was 5009.78 m^3/hm^2 and the irrigation quota was 3688.35 m^3/hm^2 when the soil water content was 55%of the lower limit of field water holding capacity,and the condition was beneficial to crop growth and the accumulation of fruit quality factors of C.humilis.

关 键 词：欧李 水分胁迫 滴灌 生长 经济效益 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]