祁连山地区关键带过程与生态自然修复的关系研究  

Study on the Relationship between Process of Critical Zone and Natural Ecological Restoration in the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：雷传扬[1,2] 李威[2] 尹显科[2] 袁华云 吴建亮[2] LEI Chuan-yang;LI Wei;YIN Xian-ke;YUAN Hua-yun;WU Jian-liang(College of Earth Sciences,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;Evaluation and Utilization of Strategic Rare Metals and Rare Earth Resource Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Geological Survey,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [2]四川省地质调查院,稀有稀土战略资源评价与利用四川省重点实验室,成都610081

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2020年第4期741-753,共13页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(DD20190536);成都市规划和自然资源局项目(5101012018002703)。

摘　　要：为研究祁连山地区地球关键带过程与生态自然修复的关系,对该地区进行了生态单元划分和土壤全剖面测量。通过野外路线调查、剖面测量,结合遥感影像,从构造环境、成土母岩、地貌、土壤、植被、主要生态问题及生态功能等,将研究区划分出4个三级生态地质单元,其中Ⅶ3-e生态地质单元进一步划分出2个四级生态地质单元。通过对全剖面土壤连续采集的39件土壤样品的主、微量元素分析,发现研究区关键带成土过程中不同元素淋失程度不同:Ⅶ3-e-2生态地质单元的砾岩风化成土过程>Ⅶ3-e-2生态地质单元的砂岩风化成土过程>Ⅶ3-e-1生态地质单元的闪长岩风化成土过程>Ⅴ3-i生态地质单元内的砂岩风化成土过程;土壤中有益元素的迁移和富集与气候、植被类型关系密切,有益元素含量普遍高于背景值。研究表明,随着近年来研究区气候暖湿化趋势持续增强,降雨量增加,加之祁连山矿山环境治理工作和祁连山国家级自然保护区生态移民搬迁工作的强力推进,祁连山地区生态问题可以实现自然修复。The Qilian mountains is an important ecological security barrier in Western China and plays an important role in ecological protection and ecological barrier.In order to study the relationship between the process of earth critical zone and natural ecological restoration in the Qilian mountains,the division of ecological units in the study area was discussed and the soil profile survey in four important ecological geological units of the study area was carried out.39 soil samples were continuously sampled along the soil profiles,from soil parent material(layer C)→sediment layer(layer B)→eluviation layer(layer A)→litter layer(layer O).The results indicated that leaching degrees of different elements,which were controlled by climate conditions and vegetation types,could be ordered as the following:Ⅶ3-e-2 ecological geological area,conglomerate weathering and soil forming process>Ⅶ3-e-2 ecological geological area,sandstone weathering and soil forming process>Ⅶ3-e-1 ecological geological area,diorite weathering and soil forming process>Ⅴ3-i ecological geological area,sandstone weathering and soil forming process.The contents of beneficial elements in soil of the Qilian Mountains were generally higher than their background values.In recent years,benefit from the increasing trends of climate warming and humidification in the Qilian mountain area,the strong promotion of mining environment governance and relocation of ecological migration in the Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve,the ecological problems in the Qilian mountain area might be naturally repaired.

关 键 词：深剖面 土壤地球化学 空间变异 关键带 生态修复 祁连山 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]