基于虚拟现实技术的无人机操作员训练应用  

The Application of UAV Operator Training Based on Virtual Reality

作　　者：王鹤[1] 刘志强 李晨正 刘冰冰 WANG He;LIU Zhiqiang;LI Chenzheng;LIU Bingbing(Shenyang Aircraft Design&Research Institute,Shenyang 110035,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳飞机设计研究所,辽宁沈阳110035

出　　处：《飞机设计》2020年第4期17-20,共4页Aircraft Design

摘　　要：随着虚拟现实(VR)技术的高速发展,VR技术已在多领域得到广泛应用。针对无人机复杂程度高,功能繁多,操作模式多样化的特点,对空勤操作员的操作使用技能提出极高的要求,迫切需要探索新的训练手段,提升操作员操纵无人机的熟练度和遇到特情故障时,精准快速的决策能力。提出将VR技术应用到无人机操作员训练:首先,从知识、技能和心理素质3个维度对训练需求进行深入分析,面向需求构建基于VR技术训练器的系统架构;并对架构中各模块的功能和要素展开分析;最后,对训练器的关键技术进行提炼。提出的以计算机技术为核心的视、听、触觉一体化的虚拟训练器,能够为受训学员提供高逼真、直观的沉浸感,最大限度地实现训练任务重构,为无人机训练提供崭新的平台。将VR技术应用到无人机训练和以往传统的模拟训练相比,具有系统造价低、训练费用少、训练周期短的优势,使训练效率大大提高,降低训练危险程度,是无人机操作员训练未来重要的发展方向。With the rapid development of virtual reality(VR) technology,it has been widely used in many fields.Because of the characteristics of UAV with high complexity,various functions and diversified operation modes,the operational skills of flight operators are highly required.It is urgent to explore new training means to improve the operator’s proficiency in operating UAV and the ability to make accurate and rapid decisions when encountering special situations.In this paper,the virtual reality technology is applied to the training of UAV operators.Firstly,training requirement is deeply analyzed in three dimensions of knowledge,skills and psychological quality.Then requirement-oriented system architecture of training system based on VR technology is built and the function and elements of each module are analyzed.Finally the key technology of training system is refined.The virtual training system where vision sense,auditory sense and tactile sense are integrated by computer technology can provide Hi-fi and immersive training environment for students which can also reconstruct the training mission.VR technology is a new tool for UAV training.Compared with traditional simulation training system,virtual training system has the advantage of low cost and short training cycle which can greatly improve the training efficiency and reduce the danger in training process.Therefore,it is an important development direction of UAV operator training in the future.

关 键 词：无人机 装备训练 虚拟现实(VR) 人机交互 

分 类 号：V249[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] E251.3[军事—军事理论]