认罪认罚“从宽”裁量模式实证研究 基于部分城市醉酒型危险驾驶罪的定量研究  

An Empirical Study on the Decision-Making Mode of Imposing Leniency on Pleading Guilty and Accepting Punishment Quantitative Research on Drunk Driving Cases in Several Pilot Cities

作　　者：吴雨豪 Wu Yuhao

机构地区：[1]宾夕法尼亚大学

出　　处：《中外法学》2020年第5期1231-1255,共25页Peking University Law Journal

摘　　要：由于认罪认罚与其它量刑情节之间存在重合,一种观点认为,认罪认罚的“从宽”适用需要依附于自首、坦白、积极赔偿等实体性的从宽情形。另一种观点认为,认罪认罚的“从宽”适用具有独立性和专属性,应当在其它量刑情节之外适用额外的从宽。通过采集自2016年认罪认罚从宽试点以来六个城市法院裁判的30129份醉酒型危险驾驶罪的判决书进行实证研究发现:首先,司法中对认罪认罚从宽的适用部分依附于被告人的犯罪情节、自首、坦白以及对被害人的“积极赔偿”行为,但是相较于前两个影响因素,“积极赔偿”这一情节对于从宽适用的影响较弱。其次,在运用倾向得分匹配方法控制了相关情节之后,认罪认罚的被告人仅在自由刑的裁量上受到了较低幅度的从轻处罚,在罚金刑和非强制措施的适用上均没有获得显著和普遍意义的从宽。最后,各个城市在从宽的范围、模式和幅度上均具有悬殊的差距。Due to the overlap between“admission of guilty and acceptance of punishment”and other sentencing factors,in previous literature,some argue that leniency should depend on other sentencing factors such as turn himself in,confession,and victim compensation.However,others hold that the leniency should be imposed independently and specifically.Therefore,defendants who admit guilt and accept punishment should receive extra leniency.This study collects 30129DUI cases in six cities after the“imposing leniency on admission of guilty and acceptance of punishment”program was carried out in 2016.Empirical results show following findings:First,the application of the“imposing leniency on admission of guilty and acceptance of punishment”partially depends on the defendant’s crime severity,whether the defendant turns himself in or confesses,and whether the defendant compensates the victim.However,compared to the first two factors,the“victim compensation”factor has a relatively weaker effect.Second,using PSM to control for confounding variables,the results show that defendants who plead guilty only receive small leniency regarding sentencing outcomes.By contrast,the decision of pleading guilty has no significant effect on the fine amount and pretrial detention.Finally,there are significant regional disparities in terms of the scope,mode,and the magnitude of leniency imposed on defendants who plead guilty.

关 键 词：认罪认罚从宽 依附性 量刑情节 被害人保护 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]