道术结合的中医传承要素现况调查研究  

A cross-sectional study on the Tao and Shu-integrated inheriting elements of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：于河[1] 李勋欣 刘兆兰[1] 马雪颜 白俊杰[1] 孙屿昕 吴宇峰[1] 刘果[1] 曹卉娟[1] 刘铁钢[1] 赵岩松[1] 谷晓红[1] Yu He;Li Xunxin;Liu Zhaolan;Ma Xueyan;Bai Junjie;Sun Yuxin;Wu Yufeng;Liu Guo;Cao Huijuan;Liu Tiegang;Zhao Yansong;Gu Xiaohong(Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学,北京102488

出　　处：《现代中医临床》2020年第4期50-56,共7页Modern Chinese Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目资助(No.2018YFC1704100);国家重点研发计划项目资助课题(No.2018YFC1704101);北京中医药大学教育科学研究专项课题(No.XJZX17004)。

摘　　要：目的对道术结合的中医传承要素现况进行调查,探索中医传承的重点,以期为中医教育的创新和增效提供依据。方法采用横断面研究设计,对师承弟子和院校学生进行网络问卷调查。问卷主要涉及一般情况、传承要素、疗效要素、素质要素等内容。结果 35名师承弟子完成了中医师承弟子调查问卷,100名院校学生完成了院校学生调查问卷。师承弟子对28项传承要素的重要性等级进行评分,选择满分5分的人数多于70.0%的要素有核心方药、诊断过程、用药特点、信息采集、掌握经典、诊疗技术、认真细致7项。师承弟子对28项传承要素重视程度进行评分,选择满分5分的人数多于70.0%的要素有核心方药、诊断过程、用药特点、诊疗技术、认真细致、信息采集6项。院校学生对29项传承要素重视程度进行评分,评分中位数等于9分的要素有医患交流、认真细致2项,评分中位数等于8.5分的要素有一视同仁、和蔼、如何对待得失和辨别是非3项。师承弟子对疗效要素的认同情况依次为医患沟通、诊疗技术、医患信任、患者依从性、医嘱、人文关怀、心理干预、诊疗环境。师承弟子对素质要素的认同情况依次为扎实的中医功底、认真的学习态度、勤奋钻研的精神、充分的跟师经历、有悟性、志同道合的志向、责任感与使命感、忠诚的品格、多元的传承方法、具有奉献精神。结论中医传承要素包括医道、医术两方面,目前师承弟子和院校学生对其继承的侧重有所不同,因此在传承工作中应注意道术结合的全面继承,疗效要素是传承重点。结合传承要素,将师承教育的精髓充分融入院校教育中,构建科学创新传承模式,更好地培养中医人才。Objective To explore the status of inheriting elements of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) by integrated Tao and Shu, as well as the key points of TCM inheritance, in order to provide basis for innovation and efficiency of TCM education. Methods A questionnaire survey was designed by using the cross-sectional research method to investigate disciples and college students. It mainly involved baseline information, inheriting elements, efficacy elements, and quality elements, etc. Results A total of 35 disciples and 100 college students completed the questionnaire. According to the disciples’ rating about importance of 28 inheritance elements, the factors with a full score of 5 that more than 70.0% people selected were core prescriptions, diagnostic process, medication characteristics, information collection, a command of classics, diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, and earnestness and prudence. According to the disciples’ feedback about importance degree of 28 inheritance elements, the factors with a full score of 5 that more than 70.0% people selected were core prescriptions, diagnostic process, medication characteristics, diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, earnestness and prudence, and information collection. According to the college students’ feedback about importance degree of 29 inheritance elements, doctor-patient communication and earnestness and prudence were the factors with a median score of 9;equal treatment, kindness and how to treat gain or loss and distinguish right from wrong were the factors with a median score of 8.5. The efficacy elements that inheriting disciples consented were: doctor-patient communication, diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, doctor-patient trust, patient compliance, medical advice, humanistic care, psychological intervention, diagnostic and therapeutic environment. The quality elements that inheriting disciples consented were: a solid foundation of traditional Chinese medicine, a serious learning attitude, a diligent spirit, rich experience of learning under te

关 键 词：师承教育 院校教育 传承要素 疗效要素 素质要素 道术结合 现况调查 

分 类 号：R24[医药卫生—中医临床基础]