引种养殖的俄罗斯红参营养成分分析与评价  

Analysis and Evaluation of Nutritional Components of Introduced Russian Red Sea Cucumber

作　　者：杨爽[1,2] 孙国华 任利华 陈梦 杨建敏 王卫军 姜芳 YANG Shuang;SUN Guohua;REN Lihua;CHEN Meng;YANG Jianmin;WANG Weijun;JIANG Fang(College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 264006, China;Quality Supervision & Inspection Center for Fishery Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yantai 264006, China;College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]鲁东大学农学院,山东烟台264025 [3]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东烟台264006

出　　处：《水产科学》2020年第5期669-676,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901602);山东省现代农业产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-22-02);泰山产业领军人才项目(tscy20190114)。

摘　　要：采用化学标准方法测定引种养殖俄罗斯红参[体质量(48.96±7.56)g]和对照相同养殖条件下的普通仿刺参[平均体质量(55.52±9.32)g]中的粗蛋白、粗多糖、灰分、粗脂肪、粗皂苷、无机元素、氨基酸、脂肪酸8种营养成分。数据分析表明,一般营养成分中,俄罗斯红参的粗蛋白、粗皂苷和粗脂肪含量指标显著高于普通仿刺参(P<0.05),粗多糖与灰分含量无差异。俄罗斯红参中Mg、Ca、Mn、Zn、Sr、Se元素含量显著低于普通仿刺参(P<0.05),俄罗斯红参Fe含量显著高于普通仿刺参(P<0.05),有害元素Cd、Pb、As、Al含量俄罗斯红参显著低于普通仿刺参(P<0.05),Cr含量无显著差异。2种海参均检测出17种氨基酸,其中有14种氨基酸含量俄罗斯红参显著高于普通仿刺参(P<0.05),俄罗斯红参的总氨基酸、必需氨基酸、药效氨基酸的含量均显著高于普通仿刺参。2种海参脂肪酸组成相同,皆检测了主要脂肪酸27种,不饱和脂肪酸含量高于饱和脂肪酸,且多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于单不饱和脂肪酸(P<0.05),俄罗斯红参的饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量皆显著高于普通仿刺参(P<0.05)。综合评价认为,相同养殖条件下,2种海参营养成分相近,俄罗斯红参部分品质优于普通仿刺参。The contents of crude protein,crude polysaccharide,ash,crude fat,crude saponin,inorganic element,amino acid and fatty acid were determined by conventional standard method in introduced Russian red sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and the common sea cucumber cultured in the same conditions.It was found that contents of crude protein,crude saponin and crude lipid in Russian red sea cucumber were significantly higher than those in the normal sea cucumber(P<0.05),without significant difference in contents of crude polysaccharide and ash.The contents of Mg,Ca,Mn,Zn,Sr and Se were significantly lower in the Russian red sea cucumber than those in the common sea cucumber(P<0.05),the contents of Cd,Pb,As and Al in the Russian red sea cucumber were significantly lower than those in the common sea cucumber(P<0.05),the content of Fe in the red sea cucumber was significantly higher than those in the common sea cucumber(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in Cr content.Fourteen amino acids content of the 17 detected amino acids were significantly higher in Russian red sea cucumber than those in the common sea cucumber(P<0.05),and the contents of total amino acids,essential amino acids and effective amino acids were significantly higher in Russian red sea cucumber than those in common sea cucumbers.Twenty-seven main fatty acids were detected in both sea cucumbers,with the same fatty acid composition.The content of unsaturated fatty acid was higher in Russian red sea cucumber than that of saturated fatty acid,and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid was significantly higher than that of monounsaturated fatty acid(P<0.05).The contents of saturated fatty acid,unsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid of Russian red sea cucumber were significantly higher than those in common sea cucumber(P<0.05).According to the comprehensive evaluation,the nutritional components of the two sea cucumbers were similar,and the Russian red sea cucumber has better quality than the common sea cucumber did under the same c

关 键 词：仿刺参 俄罗斯红参 营养成分 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]