寄生真菌发酵液对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种毒力和防效研究  

Virulence and Control Effect of Parasitic Fungi on Race 3 of Soybean Cyst Nematode

作　　者：许艳丽[1] 鲁建聪 宋洁[1,2] XU Yan-li;LU Jian-cong;SONG Jie(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081,China;College of Foreign Languages,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081 [2]哈尔滨商业大学外语学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《大豆科学》2020年第4期595-604,共10页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41571253)。

摘　　要：为验证淡紫拟青霉菌、镰孢菌属和厚垣轮枝菌对大豆胞囊线虫的抑制作用,实验室条件下探讨了3个属的12种供试菌株发酵液对大豆胞囊线虫3号生理小种胞囊、卵孵化的抑制作用和对2龄幼虫的致死作用。结果表明:这3个属的12个菌株的发酵液对大豆胞囊线虫各种虫态均有抑制作用,抑制线虫的胞囊和卵孵化,对二龄幼虫有致死作用。供试菌株发酵原液对胞囊孵化抑制率为57.5%~81.2%,稀释5倍、10倍、20倍和50倍发酵液对胞囊孵化也具有抑制作用,抑制率为23.0%~77.0%。发酵液对线虫卵孵化抑制率为41.6%~80.6%。菌株发酵液均对大豆胞囊线虫2龄幼虫具有致死作用,原液处理1 h有83.0%菌株对胞囊线虫幼虫出现致死毒性,48 h致死作用达到80.0%以上。供试菌株中以镰孢菌的F-9、淡紫拟青霉菌的P-E和厚垣轮枝菌V-25发酵液对大豆胞囊线虫抑制作用最显著,以此3种菌株进行盆栽试验的结果显示,真菌发酵液可降低盆栽大豆根部雌虫、胞囊、卵量和根内J2的密度,促进植物生长和增加大豆鲜重。In order to test the inhibition of Paecilomy ceslilacinus,Fusarium spp. and Verticillium chlamydosporium on SCN, the inhibition of their fermentation filtrates on cyst, egg hatching and mortality of the second instar larvae(J2) of SCN race 3 were tested under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the fermentation filtrates of 12 strains of Fusarium spp., V.chlamydosporium and P.ceslilacinus had inhibitory effects on various morphology of SCN. The fermentation filtrates inhibited cysts and egg hatching of SCN, and had a lethal effect on J2. The fermentation filtrates of the tested strain inhibited the cyst from 57.5% to 81.2%, The 5-, 10-, 20-and 50-fold dilutions of the fermentation filtrates also showed an inhibitory effect on cyst of SCN with inhibition rate of 23.0%-77.0%. The fermentation filtrates inhibited the hatching rate of eggs of SCN from 41.6% to 80.6%. The fermentation filtrates of 12 strains had a lethal effect on J2 of SCN. The fermentation filtrates of 83.0% strains had lethal toxicity on J2 of SCN when J2 was treated for 1 h, and the lethal effect reached more than 80.0% after 48 h of treatment among the tested strains, the fermentation filtrates the F-9 strain of Fusarium, P-E strain of P.ceslilacinus, and V-25 strain of V.chlamydosporium significantly inhibited soybean cyst nematodes. In pot experiments with these strains, fungus fermentation filtrates reduced the density of females, cysts and eggs of soybean roots and J2 in the roots of soybean. The fungus fermentation filtrates also promoted plant growth and increased fresh weight of soybeans.

关 键 词：大豆胞囊线虫 镰孢菌 厚垣轮枝菌 淡紫拟青霉菌 发酵液 防效 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]