基于高附加值产品的废水资源化技术发展趋势与应用展望  

Trends, perspective and prospects on valorization of pollutants from wastewater into marketable products

作　　者：王旭[1,2] 刘玉 罗雨莉 刘俊新 WANG Xu;LIU Yu;LUO Yuli;LIU Junxin(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Yangtze River Delta Branch,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yiwu 322000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心(义乌)长三角中心,义乌322000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2020年第8期2011-2019,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51922013);北京市高层次创新创业人才支持计划资助项目(2017000021223ZK07)。

摘　　要：废水中含有机碳、氮和磷元素等宝贵资源。如何实现废水处理从高消耗、高成本转变为可再生资源的深度回收与增值利用,不仅是水污染控制领域亟待解决的关键核心问题,也是缓解人口快速增长及生活水平提高对传统自然资源带来巨大需求的主要思路。在文献调研和前期研究的基础上,以单细胞蛋白、聚羟基烷酸、细菌纤维素、鸟粪石和蓝铁矿等高附加值产品为例,分析总结既有与新兴废水资源化技术的国际发展趋势,探讨这些技术面临的瓶颈和挑战,以期为水污染控制领域重构经济社会发展新需要的下一代废水处理与资源产品技术体系提供参考。Wastewater now has been recognized as a valuable resource from which organic matters,nitrogen,phosphorus,and other constituents can be harvested to produce valuable and marketable products.In this study,wastewater treatment in most world countries and regions is experiencing a paradigm shift from a resource-and capital-intensive pollutant removal scenario to a circular economy,and thereby reducing significant pressures on natural resources attributed from increasing populations and human activities.Based on literature review and preliminary explorations,this review article therefore aims to analyze and summarize the trends,perspectives and prospects on valorization of pollutants from wastewater into marketable products,primarily single cell protein,polyhydroxyalkanoate,bacterial cellulose,struvite and vivianite,with the goal of providing implications beneficial for future efforts on development and innovation of concepts,theories and approaches to enable resource recovery and valorization from wastewater and thereby mitigating ever-growing demands on traditional natural resources.The bottle necks and challenges faced by these technologies were discussed.This will provide reference for the next generation technology system of wastewater treatment and resource products which can meet the new requirements of the rebuilt social enconmy development in water pollution control field.

关 键 词：废水 增值回收 单细胞蛋白 聚羟基烷酸 细菌纤维素 鸟粪石 蓝铁矿 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]