基于HFACS-ISM的空管不安全事件人因分析  

Analysis of Air Traffic Control Accidents Using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System-Interpretative Structural Modeling(HFACS-ISM)

作　　者：高自亮[1] 张建平[2] 田小强 GAO Zi-liang;ZHANG Jian-ping;TIAN Xiao-qiang(Air Traffic Management Bureau,Civil Aviation Administration of China,Beijing 100000,China;The Second Research Institute of the Civil Aviation Administration of China,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空局,空中交通管理局,北京100000 [2]中国民用航空局第二研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2020年第3期57-63,共7页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：四川省重大科技专项项目(2019YFG0390);中国民航局安全能力建设项目(AADSA2019041)。

摘　　要：为研究空管不安全事件发生过程中人为因素的系统结构,提升空管不安全事件预防水平,为空管不安全事件提供事后调查参考依据,通过人因分析与分类系统(HFACS)模型的分析思路总结了17项空管不安全事件人为因素,利用解释结构模型(ISM)建立了空管不安全事件人为因素5级递阶层次结构,最后从组织层面和个人层面分别提出了空管不安全事件的预防对策。结果表明,技能差错、决策差错、知觉差错、习惯性违规、偶然性违规是空管不安全事件的直接影响因素;资源管理、组织氛围和组织过程是重要的组织因素;运行准备、运行计划、风险防范、监督检查及管制环境等是诱导发生不安全事件的核心因素。In order to research the structure of human factors affecting Air Traffic Control(ATC)safety,improve the prevention efforts for ATC operations,and provide investigation methods for ATC accidents,17 human factors were identified using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System(HFACS)method.Based on the Interpretative Structural Modeling(ISM)method,a 5-layer hierarchical structure was proposed to interpret how human factors impact ATC operation.Finally,preventive measures for avoiding ATC accidents were proposed from the perspective of the organization and the individual.Results showed that skill error,decision error,perception error,habitual violation,and accidental violation are direct factors associated with ATC accidents.Resource management,organizational climate,and organizational process were important organizational factors,while preparation,planning,risk prevention,supervision inspection,and environment were core competencies.

关 键 词：空中交通管制 不安全事件 人因分析 人因分析与分类系统 解释结构模型 预防对策 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学]