古代注列“古今字”的材料鉴别与学术价值  

The Identification and Academic Value of Gu-Jin-Zi(古今字)Material in Ancient Annotations and Enumerations

作　　者：李运富 温敏 LI Yun-fu;WEN Min(Research Center for the Inheritance Dissemination and Education of the Chinese Characters Civilization,Zhengzhou 450001,China;School of Chinese Language and Literature,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]汉字文明传承传播与教育研究中心,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州大学文学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期6-20,共15页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：“古今字”指不同时代的文献记录同一词项而使用的不同字,凡古人注释过或列举过的“古今字”即为“注列古今字”。注列“古今字”除了典型的“某某古今字”表述,还有许多包含“古”“今”用字关系的其他表述方法,但不是所有含“古”“今”的材料都是反映用字现象的“古今字”,文献正文中的“古”“今”,指称不同时代版本异文的“古”“今”,指称词语变化或同义词的“古”“今”,指称字符职能变化的“古”“今”,指称字形或构件构造功能的“古”“今”,指称字形局部变化的“古”“今”,不构成对举关系的单方面“古”或“今”,都属于这种情况。搜集鉴别注列“古今字”材料,具有学术史、训诂学、文字学、语言学方面的研究价值。The term Gu-Jin-Zi(古今字)refers to recording the same lexical item by different characters in literature of different eras,all the Gu-Jin-Zi that annotated and enumerated by the ancients are defined as zhulie Gu-Jin-Zi(注列古今字).There are numerous expression methods of annotating and enumerating Gu-Jin-Zi such as using gu(古)or jin(今)to indicate the relationship between characters usage except the typical expression XX gu-jin-zi(某某古今字).But that doesn t mean all materials that contain gu or jin reflect phenomenon of characters usage,e.g.Gu or jin in the text of documents,referring to variation in different versions,words variation or synonyms,function change of characters;structural function of the font or the component,variation of component part of character and unilateral gu or jin that couldn t constitute the symmetry relationship.The collection and identification of Gu-Jin-Zi material in annotations and enumerations is of research value in terms of academic history,Chinese exegetics,philology and linguistics.

关 键 词：文字学 语言学 古今字 用字现象 学术史 训诂学 汉字语用学 

分 类 号：H131[语言文字—汉语]