正义与成己——以科斯戈尔德和海德格尔为例  

Justice and Becoming Oneself——Using Heidegger and Korsgaard as Examples

作　　者：武小西 Wu Xiaoxi(School of Humanities, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189)

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第5期81-87,共7页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“改革开放四十年中国伦理道德数据库建设研究”(18ZDA022);东南大学中央高校基本科研业务费项目“叙事医学对我国医患关系的改善研究”(3213009308)。

摘　　要：正义理论即关于人的应得(“属己的”)以及构建相应的社会制度来实现人的应得的理论。不同的正义理论的分歧,主要在于无法就什么是人的应得达成共识。回答什么是人的应得,需要理解人是什么。正义不仅是“外在”社会规范,其关切点更涉及人的成己。从当代规范性研究中康德式存在主义理论切入正义的存在论基础,分析评述科斯戈尔德的能动性理论和海德格尔的此在论:科斯戈尔德论证人通过正义赢得自我,但是把正义和成己联系得过于紧密;海德格尔认为本真地存在即作为整体去存在,在世界之中赢得“属己的”并让他人也成为其自己,揭示出正义和成己之间的内在关联。旨在正义理论和存在主义哲学之间建立桥梁,为发展正义理论建立恰切的存在论基础。A theory of justice is about one's desert or one's own and constructing adequate social frameworks to ensure that one gets one's own.Different theories of justice disagree on what one's own exactly is.In order to know what one's own is,an ontology of what people are is needed.Justice is not only an“external”social norm,but is also concerned with becoming oneself.This paper explores the ontological foundation of justice starting with contemporary research on personal agency,compares and contrasts two“existential Kantians”of Martin Heidegger and Christine Korsgaard.Korsgaard argues that one gains one's self through justice,but she tights justice and selfhood too closely.Heidegger's account of dasein can be seen as arguing that to exist authentically is to exist as a unified whole,achieving one's own self in the world,which suggests an intimate connection between justice and becoming oneself.This paper proposes to establish an inner connection between theories of justice and existential philosophy,laying out an ontological foundation for constructing theories of justice.

关 键 词：正义 应得 自我构成 本真此在 成己 

分 类 号：B51[哲学宗教—外国哲学]