美国物联网产业发展中的专利法运行及其对中国的启示  

Patent Law and Its Operation in the Development of American Internet of Things Industry

作　　者：杨宇静[1] 林伟琼 YANG Yujing;LIN Weiqiong(School of Law,Tan Kah Kee College Xiamen University,Zhangzhou 363105,China;School of Information Science and Technology,Tan Kah Kee College Xiamen University,Zhangzhou 363105,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学嘉庚学院法学院,福建漳州363105 [2]厦门大学嘉庚学院信息科学与技术学院,福建漳州363105

出　　处：《重庆邮电大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第4期44-51,共8页Journal of Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目:大数据战略视野下的个人信息权利义务体系研究(17BFX193)。

摘　　要：面对物联网时代的全球专利竞赛以及构建产业生态链的需求,美国专利法的运行进行了一系列的适应性调整。在物联网技术开发的上游阶段,软件专利的申请在可专利性上采用严格的认定标准,要求申请人更加注重发明的技术效果。在物联网技术应用的中游阶段,美国以行政审查替代司法诉讼,采用专利授权后复审方式来判断专利的有效性,进而对物联网专利质量进行有效控制。在物联网技术商业化的下游阶段,标准必要专利与公平、合理和非歧视原则之间的平衡显得尤为突出,一方面,美国通过司法判例来处理产业实践中两者之间的平衡;另一方面,倾向于采用全球性的专利许可认定标准,以维护专利实施者的合理使用。Faced with the era of global patent competition in the industry of Internet of Things(IoT)and the need to build an industrial ecological chain,the US patent law has undergone a series of adaptive adjustments.In the upstream stage of IoT industry,the application for software patents adopts strict identification standards for patentability,requiring applicants to pay more attention to the technical effects of the invention.In the midstream stage of IoT industry,the United States uses administrative review instead of judicial litigation to judge the validity of patents through the system of post-grant review,thus effectively ensuring the quality of IoT patents.In the downstream stage of the commercialization of IoT technology,the balance between the standard essential patents and the principle of fairness,reasonableness and non-discrimination is particularly prominent.The US courts,on the one hand,have addressed the balance issues through a series of judicial cases,and on the other hand,tend to adopt global patent licensing standards to maintain the reasonable use of patent enforcers.

关 键 词：物联网 美国专利法 可专利性 授权后复审 标准必要专利 

分 类 号：D923.41[政治法律—民商法学]