固相微萃取技术在毒品分析中的应用  

Applications of Solid-phase Microextraction in Drug Analysis

作　　者：康明星 苏文渊 宋爱英 KANG Mingxing;SU Wenyuan;SONG Aiying(College of Public Security Technology,Gansu University of Political Science and Law,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃政法大学公安技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《刑事技术》2020年第5期524-527,共4页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(21565005);甘肃省高等学科科学研究项目(2018A-069)。

摘　　要：固相微萃取技术(solid phase microextraction,SPME)主要是将少量吸附材料通过物理或化学的方法固定于纤维(通常是不锈钢丝或光纤)表面制备成萃取纤维,再将萃取纤维暴露于样品体系中,直接进行吸附、富集、脱附和进样的一种适用实验室和现场样品的新型前处理技术。由于SPME及其联用技术具有快速、简便、灵敏等优点,其已成为对生物检材毒品定性定量分析的最佳方法之一,尤其对新型涂层的开发及使用,大大提高了毒品检测的灵敏度,自动化采样技术的应用则提高了分析方法的准确性及精密度。此外,随着该技术的发展,可检测的生物检材也由血液、尿液等常规检材逐步向汗液、玻璃体液等非常规检材延伸,增加了毒品分析检材的多样性。在今后该领域的发展过程中,SPME技术还需在制作工艺、涂层材料表面结构和物化性质的设计等方面进行深入研究,进而提升该方法的可靠性和实用性。本文综述了近年来SPME技术在毒品分析中的研究进展。Solid phase microextraction(SPME)bases on the absorbent materials(also called as coating substances)that are chemically and/or physically fixed onto certain bare fibers(generally stainless-steel wire or optical fiber)to become the absorbable matrices.During extraction process,the fibers were exposed into the sample solution(or liquid)for direct adsorption.This technique is suitable for both the laboratory and field sampling pretreatment to integrate the enrichment,desorption and injection into one single step.SPME,plus its combination with other technological choices,has become one best method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs in biological samples,demonstrating the advantages of rapidity,simplicity and sensitivity.With the development and application of innovative coating absorbents,SPME is greatly improved of its sensitivity for drug detection,showing excellence in the application of automatic sampling technology to boost the accuracy and precision of the relevant analytical methods.Through the review of research progresses and applications in drug analysis from recent years,SPME was revealed of its development and evolution into the capability of determining the drugs from not only the conventional samples of blood and urine but also the unconventional ones of sweat,vitreous fluid or others,successfully having itself adapted to more kinds of sample sources.In the future,SPME will be certainly further progressed on the aspects of fiber fabrication,design of surface structure and chemo-physical properties of the coating substances so that its reliability and practicability could be even more greatly enhanced.

关 键 词：固相微萃取 毒品分析 生物检材 

分 类 号：DF795.1[医药卫生—法医学]