陆地生物圈模型的发展与应用  

Developments and applications of terrestrial biosphere model

作　　者：彭书时 岳超 常锦峰 PENG Shu-Shi;YUE Chao;CHANG Jin-Feng(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of Ministry of Education,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Soil&Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shannxi 712100,China;International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA),A-2361 Laxenburg,Austria)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA),A-2361 Laxenburg,Austria

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2020年第4期436-448,共13页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41722101)。

摘　　要：陆地生物圈与大气圈和水圈之间能量、水和碳氮等元素的交换和循环对整个地球系统产生了深刻的影响。陆地生物圈模型(TBM)是研究陆地生态系统如何响应和反馈全球变化的重要方法和工具。通过对从生态系统到区域和全球陆地生物圈不同空间尺度的植被动态、生物地球物理和生物地球化学循环过程、水循环和水文过程、自然干扰和人类活动等过程时间动态的模拟,陆地生物圈模型被广泛地应用于评估和归因过去陆地生物圈的时空变化和预测陆地生物圈对未来全球变化的响应和反馈。该文简要回顾了陆地生物圈模型的发展,总结了模型对陆地生态系统主要过程的刻画和模型在生态系统生态学的应用,并对未来陆地生物圈模型的发展和应用进行了展望。Exchanges of energy and matter between terrestrial biosphere and atmosphere and hydrosphere create critical feedbacks to Earth’s climates.To quantify how terrestrial ecosystems respond and feedback to global changes,terrestrial biosphere model(TBM)has been developed and applied in global change ecology during the past decades.In TBMs,myriad of biogeophysical,biogeochemical,hydrological cycles and dynamics processes on different spatial and temporal scales are represented.The TBMs have been applied on assessing and attributing past changes in terrestrial biosphere,and on predicting future changes and their feedbacks to climates.Here,we provide an overview of processes included in TBMs and TBMs applications on carbon and hydrological cycles,as well as their application on exploring human impacts on terrestrial ecosystems.Finally,we outline perspectives for future development and application of TBMs.

关 键 词：陆地生物圈模型 陆地生物圈 生态系统生态学 生态系统研究 全球变化 碳循环 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学]