卤代烷烃、醇和醚的亲核取代反应浅析  

Brief Analysis for Nucleophilic Substitution of Haloalkanes,Alcohols and Ethers

作　　者：安万凯[1] 姜松[1] 潘振良[1] 曹占奇 徐翠莲[1] An Wankai;Jiang Song;Pan Zhenliang;Cao Zhanqi;Xu Cuilian(College of Sciences,He'nan Agricultural University,He'nan,450002)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学理学院,河南450002

出　　处：《当代化工研究》2020年第18期136-138,共3页Modern Chemical Research

摘　　要：归纳总结了卤代烷烃、醇和醚三类物质参与饱和碳上亲核取代反应的历程和特点,并从底物的内在结构为出发点分析了反应的过程,找出它们参与反应时的互通性和差异性。通过梳理,从中获取的关键内容能协助学生更好地理解此部分知识,同时也为部分老师的有机化学教学提供有益的参考。Mechanisms and characteristics of nucleophilic substitution on saturated carbon atoms mediated mainly by haloalkanes,alcohols and ethers were summarized here.In the meanwhile,the reaction processes were also analyzed and discussed from the view of substrates’internal structures,and then to find the intercommunities and differences of these compounds mentioned above.Through the sorting for nucleophilic substitution,the take-home messages obtained here can help students have better understand on the chemical properties of haloalkanes,alcohols and ethers.In addition,the results may provide some beneficial references for the organic chemistry teaching of some teachers.

关 键 词：亲核取代 卤代烃 醇和醚 碳正离子 离去基团 

分 类 号：G642.0[文化科学—高等教育学] O623[文化科学—教育学]