16—20世纪中文地理文献中的冰岛  

The Introduction of Iceland in Early Modern Chinese Geographical Literature

作　　者：费杰[1] Fei Jie

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史地理研究中心

出　　处：《国际汉学》2020年第3期130-137,204,205,共10页International Sinology

摘　　要：本文梳理了16世纪末至20世纪初中文地理文献对冰岛的记述,特别考辨了关于火山的记述。16世纪末至18世纪中叶,天主教耶稣会传教士绘制的中文世界地图可能是最早标绘冰岛的中文文献。19世纪中叶,中国学者徐继畲、魏源和基督教新教传教士慕维廉等开始将冰岛地理知识介绍给中国人。1910年王先谦著《五洲地理志略》首次较为全面、详细地介绍了冰岛自然和人文地理。近代许多地理著作都介绍了冰岛的火山,其中尤以《五洲地理志略》记述最详细。本文还对关于冰岛著名火山海克拉和冰岛最高的火山奥莱法约库尔的记述进行了考证。This study examines the relevant records about Iceland in early modem Chinese geographical literature,especially accounts of volcanoes between the late 16th century and the 20th century.The earliest Chinese record of Iceland was probably the Chinese world maps drawn by the Jesuit missionaries to China between the late 16th century and the middle of the 18th century.The geography of Iceland was first introduced to China by the Chinese scholars Xu Jiyu and Wei Yuan,as well as the Protestant missionary William Muirhead.The physical and human geography of Iceland was introduced comprehensively and in detail by Wang Xianqian in his book Wuzhou Dili Zhilue in 1910.Many modem geographical books introduced the volcanoes of Iceland,of which Wuzhou Dili Zhilue was in most detail.The accounts of the Hekla,the famous volcano in Iceland and the Oraefajokull,the highest one,were also verified.

关 键 词：冰岛 地理 火山 《五洲地理志略》 《海国图志》 

分 类 号：K90.09[历史地理—人文地理学]