基于虚拟材料法建模的柴油机振动噪声分析  

Vibration and Noise Analysis of Diesel Engine Based on Virtual Material Modeling Method

作　　者：闫超群 马炳杰 王志刚[1,2] 王舒楠 丁建军[1,2] 曲佳辉 Yan Chaoqun;Ma Bingjie;Wang Zhigang;Wang Shunan;Ding Jianjun;Qu Jiahui(National Engineering Laboratory for Marine and Ocean Engineering Power System,Shanghai 201108,China;Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]船舶与海洋工程动力系统国家工程实验室,上海201108 [2]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所,上海201108

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2020年第5期464-471,共8页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：工信部船舶动力基础科研专项基金资助项目(DE-1302).

摘　　要：为精确模拟螺栓连接,并实现柴油机复杂结构的快速高效建模,提出了一种基于虚拟材料模拟螺栓连接的动力学参数化建模方法.结合工程数据,详细介绍了虚拟材料法动力学建模的过程;通过对比机体装配体的计算模态和试验模态,并结合计算模态保证判据(MAC),结果发现:基于虚拟材料法的计算和试验前三阶模态振型完全对应、MAC值全部大于0.9,且模态频率相差在5%以内,初步验证了其用于装配体模态计算具有较高的精度.将整机运用虚拟材料法和绑定约束法分别建模进行了振动噪声计算,结果表明:基于虚拟材料法的整机振动加速度计算值为146.3 dB,接近试验值的145.6 dB;整机辐射噪声A计权计算值为109.5 dB,与试验值108.0 dB相差较小;且振动和噪声计算与测试曲线贴合较好,进一步验证了此法用于整机振动噪声计算也具有较高精度,其相较于绑定约束法整机振动响应计算效率也显著提高.In order to accurately simulate bolt connection and realize fast and efficient modeling of complex structure of diesel engine,a dynamic parametric modeling method based on virtual material was proposed in this paper to simulate bolt connection.Combined with engineering data,the process of dynamic modeling by virtual material method was introduced in detail.By comparing the computational and experimental modes of body assembly and combining with modal assurance criterion(MAC)guarantee criterion for computing mode,it is found that the vibration modes of the first three modes from the calculation are completely corresponding to those from the test.Meanwhile,the MAC values are all greater than 0.9 and the modal frequencies differ by 5%.It is preliminarily verified that the virtual material method has high accuracy in modal calculation of assembly.Then,the whole machine was modeled by the virtual material method and the binding constraints method respectively.The results show that the calculated value of vibration acceleration based on virtual material method is 146.3 dB,which is close to the test value of 145.6 dB.The calculated value of A-weighted radiated noise of the whole machine is 109.5 dB,less different from the experimental value of 108.0 dB.Furthermore,the calculation of one third of the frequency range of vibration noises is in good agreement with the test curve.It is further verified that this method is also of high accuracy in the noise calculation of the whole machine.Compared with the binding constraints method,its calculation efficiency of vibration response of the whole machine is significantly improved.

关 键 词：柴油机 高效建模 绑定约束法 振动噪声 

分 类 号：TK421.6[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]