科研转化的综合化学实验:银纳米粒子的制备及其催化反应动力学测量  

Comprehensive Chemical Experiment from Scientific Research:Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles and Measurement of Its Catalytic Reaction Kinetics

作　　者：李东祥[1] 张晓芳 韦倩玲 张婧[1] 徐洁[1] 李春芳[1] LI Dong-Xiang;ZHANG Xiao-Fang;WEI Qian-Ling;ZHANG Jing;XU Jie;LI Chun-Fang(College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266042,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛科技大学化学与分子工程学院生态化工国家重点实验室培育基地,山东青岛266042

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2020年第16期49-54,共6页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21975139);青岛科技大学专业建设负责人试点/教学研究改革项目。

摘　　要：设计了一个包含胶体化学方法制备金属纳米粒子及其作为异相催化剂催化氧化还原反应的动力学过程等内容的本科生综合化学实验。首先采用晶种生长法合成了不同尺寸的球状和片状银纳米粒子,然后经过离心纯化后作为异相催化剂催化硼氢化钠还原4-硝基苯酚的反应,研究了催化反应动力学过程,分析了催化反应的表观反应速率常数和催化剂的活性。本实验可以锻炼学生制备纳米材料和跟踪反应动力学进程的能力,使学生进一步理解异相催化反应机理、熟悉光谱仪器的应用。A typical comprehensive chemical experiment was designed for undergraduates,in which metal nanoparticles were prepared by colloid chemistry method and were used to catalyze a redox reaction to study the reaction kinetics.First,sphere or flake-like silver nanoparticles with different size were prepared via seed-growth method and subsequently purified by centrifugation.Then,the purified silver samples were employed as heterogeneous catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol by sodium borohydride.Moreover,the catalytic reaction kinetics was investigated to analyze the apparent reaction rate constants and the activity of silver nanoparticle catalysts.This experiment can train the student ability for the preparation of nanomaterials and the process tracking of reaction kinetics,and also promote students to further understand the mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis and familiarize the operation of spectral instruments.

关 键 词：银纳米粒子 制备 催化剂 反应动力学 综合化学实验 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] O643.36-4[文化科学—教育学]