一般不当行政行为救济制度的完善  

On Improvement of Administrative Remedy System for General Improper Administrative Behavior

作　　者：张峰振 Zhang Fengzhen

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学法学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2020年第8期135-144,256,共11页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“跨部门综合执法权配置与运行机制研究”(17BFX041)。

摘　　要：《行政复议法》立法目的虽然包括防止和纠正所有的不当行政行为,但在救济方式上仅规定了明显不当行政行为的救济方式。行政诉讼仅救济明显不当行政行为。在救济主体上,一般不当行政行为的作出主体及其上级行政机关均有权为一般不当行为提供救济。在救济方式上,一般不当行政行为既可以借鉴现有的行政行为救济手段,也可以创设适合自己特点的救济方式,如确认不当、撤销后必须重作行政行为。我国修改《行政复议法》时,应增加规定一般不当行政行为的救济方式;制定《行政程序法》时,应明确规定行政主体及其上级行政机关均有权依职权或依申请,对包括一般不当行政行为在内的所有瑕疵行政行为纠错或提供救济,同时应统一规定所有瑕疵行政行为的救济方式。Although the legislative purpose of the administrative reconsideration law includes the prevention and correction of all improper administrative acts, it only provides the relief methods for obvious improper administrative behaviors. Administrative litigation only relieves obviously improper administrative behaviors. In the relief subject, the subject who makes the general improper administrative behaviors and its superior administrative organ have the right to provide relief for the general improper behavior. In the way of relief, the general improper administrative behaviors can not only draw lessons from the existing administrative action relief means, but also create a relief method suitable for its own characteristics. For example, the confirmation of improper behavior and remaking behavior after revocation. When we revise the administrative reconsideration law, it is necessary to add the relief methods for general improper administrative acts;when making the administrative procedure law,it is necessary to clearly stipulate that the administrative subject and its superior administrative organs have the right to correct or provide relief for all defective administrative behaviors, including general improper administrative behaviors, on authority or on application. At the same time, the relief way of all defective administrative behaviors should be regulated uniformly.

关 键 词：不当行政行为 明显不当 一般不当 行政救济 《行政复议法》 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]