广州市常住老年人成功老龄化现状及其影响因素  

Successful aging and its influencing factors among permanent residents in Guangzhou city

作　　者：童佩 李婷 周静静[1] 廖敏怡 申乔乔 梁韵仪 高钰琳[1] TONG Pei;LI Ting;ZHOU Jing-jing(School of Nursing,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510515,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学护理学院,广东广州510515 [2]广州市越秀区六榕街社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2020年第9期1350-1354,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：全国老龄政策理论研究部级课题(QLB2018A028);广州市社区教育(2019SQJY010)。

摘　　要：目的了解广东省广州市常住老年人成功老龄化现状及其影响因素,为社区卫生服务机构提高社区老年人成功老龄化水平提供参考依据。方法于2018年7-12月采用便利抽样方法对在广州市1家三级医院、2家养老院和2个社区抽取的594名≥60岁常住老年人进行问卷调查。结果广州市常住老年人成功老龄化量表总分为(164.74±21.69)分,条目均分为(4.22±0.56)分;健康自主、经济保障、生活适应、社会及亲友关系、学习和家庭6个维度得分分别为(4.35±0.92)、(4.45±0.83)、(4.21±0.75)、(3.93±0.80)、(3.89±0.88)和(4.63±0.67)分。广州市594名常住老年人中,有443名老年人成功老龄化量表条目均分≥3.95分,成功老龄化检出率为74.6%。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度高中及以上、与配偶同住、个人月收入≥3000元、自评健康状况一般和好、样本来自养老院和社区的广州市常住老年人更易成功老龄化;户口所在地为农村的广州市常住老年人更不易成功老龄化。结论广州市常住老年人成功老龄化处于较高水平,文化程度、是否与配偶同住、户口所在地、个人月收入、自评健康状况和样本来源是该地区常住老年人成功老龄化的主要影响因素。Objective To estimate the prevalence and influencing factors of successful aging among permanent elderly residents in Guangzhou city,Guangdong province and to provide a reference for community health institutions in improving their services for successful aging of the elderly.Methods Using convenient sampling,we recruited 617 permanent local residents aged≥60 years in a tertiary hospital,two nursing homes and two communities in Guangzhou city and conducted a questionnaire survey among the elderly from July to December 2018.Results For the 594 respondents with valid information,the mean total score of successful aging was 164.74±21.69 and the average score for all successful aging items was 4.22±0.56,with the mean domain scores of 4.35±0.92 for health autonomy,4.45±0.83 for economic security,4.21±0.75 for life adaptation,3.93±0.80 for social and kinship relationships,3.89±0.88 for learning,and 4.63±0.67 for family,respectively;443(74.6%)of the respondents were assessed as having successful aging based on an average score of greater than 3.95 for all the items for successful aging.Unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the respondents with following characteristics were more likely to have successful aging:with the education of senior high school,living with spouse,having a personal monthly income of 3000 yuan(RMB)and more,with a general or good selfrated health,and residing in nursing homes or in communities;while the respondents with rural registered permanent residence were less likely to have successful aging.Conclusion The level of successful aging is relatively high and mainly influenced by education,registered residence,personal monthly income,self-rated health,and living place among permanent elderly residents in Guangzhou city.

关 键 词：成功老龄化 常住老年人 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.37[医药卫生—流行病学]