意外滑移后滑移腿肌肉力的反应特性  

Muscle force response characteristics of the slipping leg after an unexpected slip

作　　者：宋黎明 苏海龙[2] Song Liming;Su Hailong(School of Robotics,Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471000,Henan Province,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]洛阳理工学院机器人学院,河南省洛阳市471000 [2]天津科技大学机械工程学院,天津市300222

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2021年第8期1184-1189,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金重点资助项目(16JCZDJC35900),项目负责人:苏海龙;洛阳理工学院河南省教育厅预研项目(2018YZ01),项目负责人:宋黎明

摘　　要：背景:针对意外滑移后自主恢复平衡过程中肌肉的研究常采用表面肌电信号进行定性分析,对肌肉力的反应特性鲜有报道。目的:将步态分析与仿真技术相结合,观察在水平直线步道行走的情况下,足跟着地时发生意外滑移后滑移腿肌肉力的反应特性。方法:招募5名健康受试者,统一着鞋,设计干燥无油介质和涂油介质两种直线步道,要求受试者以正常步速行走。运用Vicon Motion System和AMTI测力台采集运动数据,基于AnyBody Modeling System建立与受试者相匹配的人体肌肉骨骼模型,通过运动数据进行模型驱动,采集并分析肌肉力数据。结果与结论:①发生意外滑移后自主恢复的时间是步态周期的15%-45%,且单支撑相缩短;②自主恢复过程中半腱肌肌肉力增加了25.6%(P<0.05),股二头肌短头增加了14%,内侧腓肠肌肌肉力的最大值由8.4 N/kg增加到13.6 N/kg,外侧腓肠肌增加了17.4%;③表明意外滑移后自主恢复平衡过程中,滑移腿半腱肌、股二头肌短头和内、外侧腓肠肌产生了较大的肌肉力,同时缩短了单支撑相时间,以将人体重心由滑移腿迅速转移至拖拽腿,保持身体平衡;滑移恢复后,人体会在摆动相后期做出预判,防止再次发生滑移。BACKGROUND:Surface electromyogram signal is often used for qualitative analysis of muscles in the process of autonomic balance recovery after unexpected slips,but there is little research on the response characteristics of muscle force.OBJECTIVE:By the combination of gait analysis and simulation technology to study the muscle force response characteristics of the slipping leg when an unexpected slip of the heel occurs during walking straightly.METHODS:Five healthy subjects were recruited,wearing shoes uniformly,and asked to walk normally on two different straight footpaths(dry oil-free and oilcoated paths).The Vicon motion system and AMTI force measuring platform were used to collect the motion data.Based on the AnyBody Modeling System,a human musculoskeletal model matching with the subjects was established.The model was driven by the motion data,and the data of muscle force were collected and analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The recovery time after an unexpected slip was 15%-45%of a gait cycle and the single support phase was shortened.In the course of autonomic recovery,the muscle strength of the semitendinosus was increased by 25.6%(P<0.05),and the muscle strength of the short head of biceps femoris increased by 14%.The maximum muscle strength of the medial gastrocnemius increased from 8.4 N/kg to 13.6 N/kg,and that of the lateral gastrocnemius increased by 17.4%.These findings indicate that:in the process of recovering the balance after unexpected slips,the semitendinosus,biceps femoris,gastrocnemius and gastrocnemius produce great muscle force,and meanwhile,the time of single support phase is shortened,so as to quickly transfer the gravity of human body from the sliding leg to the dragging leg and keep the body balance.After the balance recovery from the slip,the human body will make a prediction in the later period of the swing phase to prevent the slip again.

关 键 词：滑移腿 意外滑移 肌肉 骨骼 肌肉力 自主平衡 步态 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学]