基于陀螺仪转角传感器的动态信号测量及物理参数时域识别  

Dynamic Signal Measurement and Physical Parameter Identificationin Time Domain Based on the Gyroscope Angular Sensor

作　　者：周云 曾雅丽思[2] 赵瑜 易伟建 ZHOU Yun;ZENG Yalisi;ZHAO Yu;YI Weijian(Hunan Provincial Key Lab on Damage Diagnosis for Engineering Structures,Changsha 410082,China;College of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Advanced Civil Engineering Materials and Application Technology,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]工程结构损伤诊断湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410082 [2]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]绿色先进土木工程材料及应用技术湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第9期10-22,共13页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878264);长沙市科技计划项目(kq1801010)。

摘　　要：针对结构识别算法应用于实际工程时,结构的转角信息难于准确测量及转角自由度通常容易被忽略的问题,本文研究了使用陀螺仪转角传感器测量动态信号的方法及响应信息不完备条件下的结构物理参数识别.首先,针对结构转动响应信息测量困难这一问题,提出采用商业级的微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺仪传感器测量角度和角速度响应,并基于最小二乘递推算法对结构物理参数识别方法进行了理论公式推导.然后以一座4层框架结构为算例进行分析,设置由广义逆方法重构转角和采用转角真实值两种工况,并对结构物理参数进行识别,从而验证了理论推导的正确性.同时,对两种工况下所识别的物理参数进行比较,结果表明重构转动响应时物理参数识别的效果不够理想,故考虑测量转动响应.先对MEMS陀螺仪传感器在受到冲击振动下的动态精度进行了试验验证,在结构的初位移小于10 mm时,动态角度测量的精度为0.1°.在此基础上,通过一个3层2跨的钢框架模型的动力试验实测数据和分析结果,验证了使用MEMS陀螺仪传感器直接测量转动响应相比于重构转动响应对弯剪型结构进行刚度参数时域识别的效果更好.When the structure identification algorithm was applied to practical engineering,the structure angle information was difficult to accurately measure and the degree of freedom of rotation was often neglected.The method of measuring dynamic signals with gyroscope sensor and the identification of structural physical parameters under the condition of incomplete output information were studied in this paper.Firstly,a commercial Micro Electro Mechanical Systems(MEMS)gyroscope sensor was proposed to measure the angular velocity and angle responses,and the theoretical formulas of structural physical parameters identification method based on the least square recursive method were deduced.Then,taking a four-story frame structure as an example for analysis,two working conditions that the rotation angle reconstructed by the generalized inverse method and the adoption of the true value of rotation angle were set up,and the physical parameters was identified.The correctness of the theoretical derivation was verified.The results of physical parameters identified under two working conditions were compared,which reflected that the effect of physical parameter identification was not very ideal when the angular response was reconstructed,so we can consider measuring the rotational responses.The dynamic accuracy of MEMS gyroscope sensor under impact vibration was verified by experiments firstly.The results demonstrated that the accuracy of dynamic angle measurement was 0.1°when the initial displacement of the structure was less than 10 mm.On this basis,the measured dynamic test data and analysis results of a three-story and two-span steel frame model verified that using MEMS gyroscope sensor to directly measure the rotational response was better than using reconstructed rotational response for the time domain identification of stiffness parameters for the bending-shear structure.

关 键 词：陀螺仪 动转角 参数识别 时域 框架结构 

分 类 号：TU317[建筑科学—结构工程]