广东省753名精神科护士职业倦怠与自我效能的关系研究  

Relationship between job burnout and self-efficacy among 753 psychiatric nurses in Guangdong Province,China

作　　者：曾君芳 叶君荣[2] 蔡红涛[1] 肖爱祥[2] 夏志春[3] 李伟明[1] 卢凤华[1] 郑冬妮 罗娟娟 ZENG Junfang;YE Junrong;CAI Hongtao;XIAO Aixiang;XIA Zhichun;LI Weiming;LU Fenghua;ZHENG Dongni;LUO Juanjuan(Department of Affective disorder,Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510370;Department of Nursing,Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510370;Adult Mental Health Division,Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510370)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属脑科医院,广东省广州市惠爱医院情感障碍科,广东广州510370 [2]广州医科大学附属脑科医院,广东省广州市惠爱医院护理部,广东广州510370 [3]广州医科大学附属脑科医院,广东省广州市惠爱医院成人精神科,广东广州510370

出　　处：《中西医结合护理（中英文）》2020年第7期17-21,共5页Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(A2018440)。

摘　　要：目的探讨广东省精神科护士职业倦怠与自我效能感现状,为进一步完善护士管理提供依据。方法采用中文版职业倦怠量表(MBI)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)对广东省753名精神科护士进行横断面调查。结果职业倦怠各维度得分由高到低依次是低成就感、情绪耗竭和人格解体,自我效能感得分为(1.52±0.62)分;不同婚姻状况的精神科护士在职业倦怠的情绪耗竭维度上存在差异(P<0.05),不同年龄、职称的精神科护士在情绪耗竭、人格解体、低成就感及自我效能上存在差异(P<0.05),不同性别的精神科护士在人格解体、自我效能上存在差异(P<0.05),夜班护士更能体验到情绪耗竭及人格解体(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,自我效能得分与低成就感得分呈显著负相关(r=-0.323,P<0.01)。多元线性回归显示,学历、职称和自我效能为精神科护士职业倦怠的主要影响因素。结论广东省精神科护士职业倦怠较高、自我效能感较低,不同人口特征的护士有明显差异。护理管理者应针对不同特征的护士采取相应的措施,以降低护士的职业倦怠及提高自我效能。Objective To investigate the job burnout and self-efficacy level among psychiatric nurses in Guangdong Province,China,and to provide reference of nursing human resource management.Methods A cross-section survey was conducted with 753 psychiatric nurses using Maslach’s Job Burnout Scale(MBI)and General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES).Results The dimension scores of MBI from high to low was low personal accomplishment(3.11±1.69),emotional exhaustion(2.26±1.39)and depersonalization(1.40±1.19).The score of GSES was(1.52±0.62).There was a significant difference in score of emotional exhaustion between nurses with different marital status(P<0.05).Significant differences in scores of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,low personal accomplishment and GSES were found between nurses with different age and professional title(P<0.05).Female nurses had lower scores of depersonalization and GSES compared those male nurses(P<0.05).Nurses taking night shift were more likely to experience emotional exhaustion and depersonalization(P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that GSES score was negatively correlated with low personal accomplishment(r=-0.323,P<0.01).Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that the main factors influencing job burnout of psychiatric nurses were education level,professional title and self-efficacy level.Conclusion Psychiatric nurses in Guangdong Province had a high-level job burnout and a low-level self-efficacy.There were significant differences among nurses with different demographic characteristics.Corresponding measures should be taken by nursing managers to reduce nurses'job burnout and improve their self-efficacy.

关 键 词：职业倦怠 自我效能 精神科护士 排班 护理管理 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]