从伦理和法理角度谈突发公共卫生实践及研究中的个体权益  

Discussion on Individual Rights and Interests in Practice and Research of Public Health Emergencies from Ethics and Jurisprudence

作　　者：关健 GUAN Jian(The National Population and Health Scientific Data Centre,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院&国家人口健康科学数据中心<临床医学>,北京100730

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2020年第9期1058-1061,1070,共5页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：近年来,全球疾病相关的突发性公共卫生事件发生较为频繁,也引起了疫情防控措施与个体权益限制等相关伦理问题的讨论。结合公共卫生的特点讨论突发疫情防控实践和研究中的“个体权益”,以及从伦理和法理的角度分析疫情期间隐私和知情同意的权利限制。突发公共卫生疫情的防控实践和研究要兼顾个体权益和公共健康与健康公平,个体权益相关的权利限制符合生命伦理基本原则和法理原则,如权利限制和紧急避险。In recent years,disease-related public health emergencies occurred frequently worldwide.And this triggered the discussion on some ethical issues,including the restriction of some individual rights and interests in practice of epidemic prevention and control.Based on the characteristics of public health,the author discusses the“individual rights and interests”during public health emergency on basis of the mission and characteristics of public health service,and analyzes the limited rights of privacy and informed consent during the prevalence from the perspective of ethics and jurisprudence.Practice and research of prevention and control of public health emergencies should consider not only individual rights and interests,but also public health and health equity.Limitation of rights of some individual rights and interests conforms to the basic principles of bioethics and legal principles,such as limitation of rights and emergency avoidance.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 公共卫生伦理 伦理原则 个体权益 权利限制 紧急避险 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]