政治判断与审美判断的相融共通——阿伦特《康德政治哲学讲稿》的当代阐析  

Commonality of Political Judgment and Aesthetic Judgment-A Contemporary Analysis of Arendt’s Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy

作　　者：李岩[1] Li Yan(Foreign Studies College,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学外国语学院,110819

出　　处：《北京第二外国语学院学报》2020年第3期71-84,共14页Journal of Beijing International Studies University

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学规划基金重点项目“后帝国时代左翼文艺思想研究”(项目编号:L19AWW001);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金“当代西方马克思主义政治美学研究”(项目编号:N181504002);国家留学基金项目(项目编号:201906085055)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：阿伦特的“政治—审美判断”理论集中体现在《康德政治哲学讲稿》及其他相关著作中。阿伦特的理论主要基于康德的《判断力批判》一书,她将其“政治”观念经由公共领域的感性实践——“审美判断”——而融化、渗透到人们的身心,既原创性地挖掘了康德“审美判断”中所蕴含的政治实质,又构建了自己的政治美学。阿伦特“政治—审美判断”理论旨在揭示西方传统政治与哲学的缺陷,展开对理性侵犯自由的批判与反思,希望最终实现公共领域中人们获得自由与本真存在的政治目的。这正是在“后理论”时代政治进入美学范畴的理论依据。阿伦特的“政治—审美判断”理论使美学与政治的张力消失,亲缘性显现,同构性产生。《康德政治哲学讲稿》对后现代西方政治伦理的审美转向产生了巨大的影响,为当下如何理性地思考美学、政治和人类命运共同体问题提供了借鉴,从而在当下具有重要的学术意义和现实意义。Arendt’s theory of political-aesthetic judgment is primarily embodied in her Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy and other related works.She uses Kant’s Critique of Judgment as her theoretical basis and creates her own“political”ideas that enter the mind through the perceptual practice of the public realm—aesthetic judgment.She not only excavates the political essence contained in Kant’s“aesthetic judgment”in an original manner,but also constructs her own aesthetics of politics.Arendt’s theory of political-aesthetic judgment aims to reveal the defects of traditional western political philosophy,expand criticism and reflect on rational violations of freedom,and ultimately expects to achieve the political purpose of people’s freedom and authentic existence in the public domain.This is the theoretical basis for politics to enter the aesthetic category in the“post-theory”era.Thus,Arendt’s theory of political-aesthetic judgment makes tension between aesthetics and politics disappear,makes affinity show,and makes homogeneity arise.Lectures on Kant’s Political Philosophy has an immense impact on the aesthetic transformation of postmodern western political ethics and also provides a reference for how to rationally consider the issues of aesthetics,politics,and the community of human destiny for all mankind;therefore,it has current,important academic and practical significance.

关 键 词：政治—审美判断 康德政治哲学讲稿 阿伦特 康德 后理论 

分 类 号：I0-02[文学—文学理论]