检察公益诉讼调查核实权的规则优化  

On the Improvement of Rules on the Power of Investigation and Verification in the Public Interest Litigation Initiated by the Procuratorate

作　　者：刘加良[1] Liu Jialiang

机构地区：[1]山东大学法学院,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《政治与法律》2020年第10期148-161,共14页Political Science and Law

基　　金：山东省社会科学规划研究项目“经由检察行政公益诉讼推进基层治理法治化研究”(项目编号:19BYSJ08)的阶段性成果;“山东大学青年学者未来计划”(项目编号:YSPSDU)资助。

摘　　要：不同于民事和行政检察监督调查核实权,检察公益诉讼调查核实权以证明公共利益受到侵害的事实为目标,具有调查重于核实、行使范围广泛等显著特征。从整体上看,使检察公益诉讼调查核实权规则供给不足的历史得以终结的是内部规范而非外部规范,新近出台的多个省级法规性文件针对保障措施虽然均未配置完整意义上的直接强制性,但所形成的层次化、递进式立法技术值得沿用。检察公益诉讼调查核实权的规则供给目前存在体系化不够科学、质量不高的问题,影响其预设功能的充分发挥,应从主体要件、内容要件、对象要件、方式要件、期限要件、控权要件方面进行优化。检察公益诉讼调查核实权的有效运行离不开配套机制的支撑与策应,其内部性配套机制应以横向重视内设机构改革之红利和纵向重视办案资源之统筹的一体化办案机制为主,其外部性配套机制应以遵循诉讼权利同等保障原理且有助于强化保障措施间接强制性的诉前证据保全程序为主。In the context of promoting national governance and improving case structure,the constitutive elements and supporting mechanisms of power of investigation and verification in the public interest litigation initiated by the procuratorate should be improved urgently.The power of investigation and verification in the public interest litigation initiated by the procuratorate has three distinctive features,compared with that in the civil and administrative procuratorial system:the specificity of the target,the emphasis of investigation over verification,and the extensiveness of its scope.Overall,it is internal but external norms that ended the history of the insufficient supply of rules for the power of investigation and verification of the public interest litigation initiated by the procuratorate.Although several provincial-level regulatory documents issued recently have not granted direct coerciveness in a complete sense to the guaranteeing measures,the hierarchical and progressive legislative technology that has been formed is valuable and may be adopted in the future.Currently,the formulated rules on the power of investigation and verification in the public interest litigation initiated by the procuratorate are not systematic enough and of low quality,which affects the full play of its preset roles,so they should be improved in terms of requirements in subject,content,object,method,term,and power control.The effective operation of the power of investigation and verification of the public interest litigation initiated by the procuratorate is inseparable from the support and response from supporting mechanisms.On one hand,its internal supporting mechanism should be focused on the integrated case handling mechanism which horizontally values the benefit of internal institutional reform and vertically values the overall planning of case handling resources.On the other hand,the external supporting mechanism should be focused on the pre-litigation evidence preservation procedure which follows the principle of equal prote

关 键 词：检察公益诉讼 调查核实权 规则供给 一体化办案机制 间接强制 

分 类 号：DF713[政治法律—诉讼法学]