认知资源对不同感觉寻求者风险决策的调节  

Cognitive Resources Modulate Decision Making under Risk among Different Levels of Sensation Seekers

作　　者：鞠成婷[1] 李苑[2] 何立国[3] 游旭群[2] Ju Chengting;Li Yuan;He Liguo;You Xuqun(Psychological Counseling Center,Chang'an University,Xi'an,710064;School of Psychology,Shaanxi Nonnal University,Xi'an,710062;School of Psychology,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,518060)

机构地区：[1]长安大学心理健康教育与咨询中心,西安710062 [2]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062 [3]深圳大学心理学院,深圳518060

出　　处：《心理科学》2020年第4期879-884,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(人文社科类)项目(300102508638);教育部人文社会科学研究西部项目(17XJC190009)的资助。

摘　　要：本研究采用GDT+n-back双任务范式,考察认知资源和感觉寻求对风险决策的影响。实验采用3(认知资源:高/中/低)×2(感觉寻求:高/低)被试间设计。结果发现,低感觉寻求组中,低认知资源条件下的风险决策绩效显著高于高(或中)认知资源条件下的绩效;而高感觉寻求组中,风险决策绩效在三种认知资源条件下无显著差异。结果表明,低感觉寻求者风险决策在认知资源不足时表现出直觉加工优势;而高感觉寻求者风险决策没有直觉加工优势。Although most of the researchers believe that the intuitive-experience system is the cause of various irrational biases in decision-making,there are more and more researchers who emphasize the advantages of the intuitive-experience system.Previous studies used GDT+n-back dual-task paradigm to explore the relationship between intuitive-experience system and rational-analytical system in decision-making under risk.However,the results had certain contradictions.Some research found that the decision-making performance had been improved when decision-making is accompanied with an n-back task,indicating that there was an advantage of intuitive processing when cognitive resources were limited.Whereas some research found that the decision-making performance had been impaired when decision-making is accompanied with an n-back task,indicating that there was no advantage of intuitive processing when cognitive resources were limited.In the current study,we believe that sensation-seeking explains such differences in decision-making.Many studies have shown that there is a relationship between sensation-seeking and individual differences in decision-making.High sensation-seekers rely more on emotional heuristics for risk judgement.Thus,the present research aims to explore whether cognitive resources modulate decision-making under risk among different levels of sensation-seekers.According to the scores of sensation-seeking questionnaires,150 of 1386 college students were selected to participate in the experiment.There were 75 people(29 males and 46 females)in the low sensation-seeking group,with an average age of 21.56±1.88.There were 75 people(23 males and 52 females)in the high sensation-seeking group,with an average age of 20.83±1.48.The experiment employed a 3(cognitive resources:high/medium/low)×2(sensation-seeking:high/low)between-subjects design.We used n-back task to manipulate cognitive resources.The high level of cognitive resources referred to those who finished single GDT task;The medium level of cognitive resourc

关 键 词：风险决策 直觉加工优势 认知资源 感觉寻求 

分 类 号：B842.1[哲学宗教—基础心理学]