被妒忌感对员工积极情绪的影响:年龄的调节作用  

The Effect of Being Envied on Employee Positive Emotion:The Moderating Effect of Age

作　　者：李方君[1] 王俊杰 陈泽英 Li Fangjun;Wang Junjie;Chen Zeying(School of Management,Jinan University,Guangzhou,510632)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学管理学院,广州510632

出　　处：《心理科学》2020年第4期891-897,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71602076,71971099);暨南大学企业发展研究所粤港澳大湾区企业转型发展研究重点项目(2019GBAZD03);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(暨南跨越计划19JNKY08)的资助。

摘　　要：在工作情境中,员工之间会形成比较,处于优势地位或拥有更多资源的员工常常会感觉到被妒忌。基于社会比较理论和个体职业发展阶段相关文献,我们假设被妒忌感会引发员工的积极情绪,且该效应对于不同年龄段的员工影响不同。通过一个问卷和两个实验,本研究发现:(1)被妒忌的员工会产生积极情绪;(2)相对年轻的员工在感受到他人的妒忌时会感受到更强的积极情绪。本文丰富了妒忌领域的研究,且对组织管理实践具有一定的启示意义。The purpose of this study is to explore the emotional responses of being envied and its boundary conditions.Previous studies have focused more on negative emotions that are triggered by being envied.This study investigates the influence of being envied on employees’positive emotions and the possible boundary effect of age.Based on social comparison theory,this study proposes that employee being envied would experience positive emotions due to self-enhancement brought by"passive"downward social comparison.Thus,this study first hypothesizes that being envied would trigger employees’positive emotions(Hypothesis 1).This study then argues that being envied would interact with employee age to affect positive emotion(Hypothesis 2).The underlying logic is that being envied especially satisfies relatively young employees’need for social self-esteem.Instead,employees at the late stage of their career would experience fewer positive emotions because of their different career development needs.Relatively senior employees pay more attention to the factors that"can really bring stability to them",and they prefer the stable state instead of the focus of attention.In contrast,young employees have higher career aspirations and stronger demand for social status.Thus,when young workers receive positive feedback in social comparisons(being envied by colleagues),they experience more positive emotions as an exhibition of their achievements.One survey and two experiments are conducted to collect data to test the hypotheses.Specifically,in Study 1,504 participants report their perceptions of being envied and positive emotions.The results support Hypotheses 1.In Study 2,224 volunteers participate an online experiment.Activating the perception of being envied,we find that employees experience more positive emotion.Controlling for pre-test positive emotion and post-test negative emotion,Study 3 replicates the findings in Study 1 and Study 2.Study 3 also finds the evidence supporting H2 that being envied would interact with employee a

关 键 词：被妒忌 年龄 积极情绪 

分 类 号：B842.6[哲学宗教—基础心理学]