损失与收益情境下赌博认知和心理账户对赌博意愿的影响  

The Effects of Cognitive Bias and Money on Gambling Tendency of Gamblers under The Loss and Gain Situation

作　　者：高铭 张丽锦[1,2,3] Gao Ming;Zhang Lijin(School of Psychology,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an,710062;Shaanxi Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health,Xi'an,710062;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience,Xi'an,710062)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062 [2]陕西省儿童青少年心理与行为健康哲学社会科学重点研究基地,西安710062 [3]陕西省行为与认知神经科学重点实验室,西安710062

出　　处：《心理科学》2020年第4期931-936,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-08-0874)的资助。

摘　　要：为探究赌博认知和赌资来源对成年人在损失、收益情境下赌博意愿的影响,对322名至少参加过一次赌博活动的成年人进行问卷调查。结果发现:(1)在收益而非损失情境下,在赌资来源于意外之财时,被试有着更强的赌博意愿;高赌博认知偏差者在任何情况下都有着更强的赌博意愿。(2)不同赌博认知偏差对赌博意愿的影响不同。总之,损益情境、赌资来源和个人特质都会影响个体的赌博意愿。Traditionally,gambling is an activity involving two or more players in which the loser pays a bet to the winner and the outcome is uncertain.For example,play cards,mahjong,lottery,roulette and so on.Most people lose a large amount of money due to inappropriate gambling behavior,but however they continue to gamble to recoup previous losses and this phenomenon is named’chase’.Their wrong decisions are affected by poor gambling cognition,just like an illusion of control.In contrast,some people believe that people always win are more likely to become winner because he/she is lucky,and then he/she is more likely to bet again after winning,which is called’house money effect’.An unreasonable phenomenon is that the same amount of money has a different impact on people’s decision making,which could be explained by the notion of mental accounting.Money with different functions cannot be substituted,and money obtained with less effort is more likely to be consumed,especially in luxury.A scale including five closely related parts is generally used to investigate people’s gambling cognitive bias.It is an open question that whether gambling behavior would change with situations when money is used for different places or not.We supposed that the’house money effect’would get supported when people had a stronger tendency in gain situation,and the’chase’would get supported when they had a stronger tendency in loss situation.However,it is unknown whether the two phenomena would appear in the same person or not.The purpose of the current study was to explore the effectiveness of cognition and gambling fund on people’s gambling tendencies under the loss and gain situation.Three hundred and twenty-two participants(women 154)(M±SD=30.05±11.97 years)were recruited to complete the online questionnaires,including the Gambling Related Cognition Scale(GRCS)and four self-designed items.A 2(situation:loss,gain)×2(cognitive bias:high,low)×2(money:windfall gain,salary)analysis of variance was used to analyze the data.R

关 键 词：赌博认知 心理账户 赌博意愿 赌博行为 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]