PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在肾癌中的研究进展  

Research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma

作　　者：孙晨[1] 镡云辉[1] 耿波[1] 李学东[1] Sun Chen;Chan Yunhui;Geng Bo;Li Xuedong(Department of Urology,Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院泌尿外科,150001

出　　处：《国际外科学杂志》2020年第9期639-643,共5页International Journal of Surgery

摘　　要：肾癌是起源于肾实质的恶性肿瘤,不同亚型的肾癌具有不同的病理特征和分子机制。因放化疗对肾癌难以取得理想的治疗效果,且以血管内皮生长因子、雷帕霉素靶蛋白为主的靶向治疗最终会发生耐药的情况,所以当前需探索一种新的方式来改善转移性肾细胞癌的治疗现状。随着对程序性死亡分子-1(PD-1)/程序性死亡分子配体-1(PD-L1)抑制剂的不断研究与探索,免疫治疗在转移性肾细胞癌中显现出一定的效果,PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在肾癌中单药或联合其他药物治疗方面有着较为可观的前景,且该药物长期不良反应发生率低。目前已有研究将PD-1或PD-L1抑制剂与放化疗、抗肿瘤药物和手术联合进行治疗,为本来对放化疗不敏感、对药物产生耐药性和已失去手术机会的患者带来新的希望,同时在单药治疗方面也明显改善总生存期。本文回顾及总结近年来PD-1/PD-L1抑制剂在肾癌中的应用及研究进展,并对其进行综述。Renal cell carcinoma is a malignant tumor originating from the renal parenchyma.Different subtypes of renal cell carcinoma have different pathological features and molecular mechanisms.Because radiotherapy and chemotherapy are difficult to achieve ideal therapeutic effect on renal cell carcinoma,targeted therapy based on vascular endothelial growth factor and mammalian target of rapamycin will eventually in the case of drug resistance,it is currently necessary to explore a new way to improve the treatment status of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.With the continuous research and exploration of programmed death-1(PD-1)/programmed death-ligand-1(PD-L1)inhibitors,immunotherapy certain effects have been shown in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have considerable prospects for single-agent or other drug treatment in renal cancer,and the long-term adverse reaction rate of this drug is low.At present,there are studies that treat PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors in combination with radiochemotherapy,anti-tumor drugs and surgery,bringing new hope to patients who are not sensitive to radiochemotherapy,are resistant to drugs,and have lost surgery.While PD-1 or PD-L1 also significantly improves overall survival in monotherapy.This article reviews and summarizes the application and research progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in renal cell carcinoma in recent years,and reviews them.

关 键 词：癌 肾细胞 免疫疗法 程序性死亡受体-1 程序性死亡受体配体-1 

分 类 号：R737.11[医药卫生—肿瘤]