陕西省学龄前儿童刷牙行为抽样调查及评价  

A study of preschoolers tooth-brushing behavior in Shaanxi province

作　　者：樊睿[1] 贾明玉 冯茵 樊晓宇 田剑刚[1] 黄瑞哲[1] Fan Rui;Jia Mingyu;Feng Yin;Fan Xiaoyu;Tian Jiangang;Huang Ruizhe(Department of Preventive Dentistry and Oral Health Care,Xi'an Jiaotong University Hospital of Stomatology,Xi'an 710004,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学口腔医院预防科,710004

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2020年第28期2175-2179,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：国家卫生计生委公益性科研专项(201502002)。

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省学龄前儿童刷牙行为状况,为学龄前儿童的口腔保健提供依据。方法采用多阶段、分层、整群抽样的方法,在陕西省抽取3~5岁的1370名幼儿园学生为调查对象进行口腔健康问卷调查。结果49.2%(674/1370)的儿童每天刷牙,每天刷牙2次及以上者仅占14.8%(203/1370),刷牙频率(≥1次/d)在城乡之间差异有统计学意义(χ2值为47.588,P<0.01)。98.7%(741/751)的儿童刷牙时使用牙膏,其中使用含氟牙膏的儿童占6.9%(51/741),牙膏的使用情况在城乡之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。0.5%(4/751)的儿童在第一颗乳牙萌出时开始刷牙,儿童开始刷牙的年龄在城乡之间差异有统计学意义(χ2值为24.217,P<0.01)。65.2%(490/751)的家长从不帮助孩子刷牙,农村家长达到了72.8%(227/312),家长帮助孩子刷牙频率在城乡之间差异有统计学意义(χ2值为16.192,P<0.01)。结论陕西省学龄前儿童刷牙状况低于全国水平,且农村地区明显低于城市地区,在今后的宣教中还要继续加强刷牙行为的教育和培养,尤其要加大对农村地区儿童及家长的宣传力度。Objective Understand the status of brushing teeth behavior of preschoolers in Shaanxi Province,to provide basis for oral health of preschoolers.Methods By adopting the methods of multi-stage,stratified,geometric and cluster sampling,1370 kindergarten students at the age of 3-5 in Shaanxi Province were sampled as respondents to implement oral health questionnaire.Results 49.2%(674/1370)children brushed their teeth every day,including only 14.8%(203/1370)children brushing their teeth twice or above.Therefore,the difference of the brushing frequency(≥1 time/day)between urban and rural areas had obvious statistical significance(χ2 value was 47.588,P<0.01).98.7%(741/750)children used toothpaste,including only 6.9%(51/741)using toothpaste with fluoride.Therefore,the use of toothpaste between urban and rural areas has no statistical significance.Only 0.5%(4/751)children started to brush their teeth when their first deciduous tooth erupted.Therefore,the age for children starting to brush their teeth between urban and rural areas had obvious statistical significance(χ2 value was 24.217,P<0.01).65.2%(490/751)parents never helped their children to brush teeth,parents in rural areas even reached to 72.8%(227/312).Therefore,the brushing frequency for parents helping their children to brush teeth between urban and rural areas had statistical difference(χ2 value was 16.192,P<0.01).Conclusions The status of brushing teeth behavior of preschoolers in Shaanxi Province is lower than the national level,and the level in rural areas is obviously lower that in urban areas.The education and cultivation on brushing teeth behavior should be further strengthened in the future propaganda and education,especially,the power of propaganda on children and parents in rural areas should be strengthened.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 刷牙 问卷调查 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]