长江岸线宜昌江段五种不同类型水样对稀有鲫胚胎的毒性  

TOXIC EFFECTS OF FIVE TYPICAL WATER SAMPLES OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER(YICHANG SECTION)ON RARE MINNOW(GOBIOCYPRIS RARUS)EMBRYOS

作　　者：王能汉 邓巧玲 范垚城 唐海滨 雷磊 曹宏[1,2] WANG Neng-Han;DENG Qiao-Ling;FAN Yao-Cheng;TANG Hai-Bin;LEI Lei;CAO Hong(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2020年第5期1064-1069,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项A类(XDA23040401)资助。

摘　　要：为了检测和评估长江岸线宜昌江段五种不同类型水样的生物毒性,研究于2019年3月在宜昌江段采集五种典型水样,采用稀有鲫胚胎进行了暴露试验。经检测发现3#水样(工业生产污水)、4#水样(生活污水)常规污染物(氨氮、化学需氧量、高锰酸盐指数)等指数超标。胚胎毒性试验结果显示3#和4#水样的生物毒性最大,其畸形率和死亡率等指标均显著高于其他组(P<0.05)。2#水样(长江白洋港江段水样)对稀有鲫胚胎发育无显著影响;其中3#和4#两组水样处理的胚胎出现诸如脊椎弯曲、心率下降、死亡率上升、孵化率下降和发育迟缓等发育异常现象;同时, 4#水样处理的胚胎还出现大量心包水肿现象。研究表明氨氮含量等常规水质指标超标会对稀有鲫胚胎产生较大毒性效应。研究可为长江岸线宜昌江段水体的综合评价及后续治理提供依据。To investigate the toxic effects of fishery sewage,nature freshwater,industrial sewage,domestic sewage,and rural non-point water pollution along the Changjiang River(Yichang section),biological toxicity of the five typical water samples were analyzed.The detection of persistent toxic substances(PTS)in water samples revealed that the mean concentration of several heavy metal contents including Cu,Zn,As,Se,etc.,in the industrial sewage sample and the conventional pollutants(ammonia nitrogen,COD,permanganate index etc.)in the domestic sewage sample were much higher than those of the international drinking water standards.The toxic effects of embryos showed that the embryos malformation(including spine curvature,pericardial edema,stunted growth,decreased heart rate and hatchability)and mortality in the industrial sewage or domestic sewage groups were significantly higher than those in other groups(P<0.05),indicating that industrial sewage and domestic sewage were more toxic than other water samples.The present study provided bio-toxicological evaluation of water samples in the Yichang section of the Changjiang River.

关 键 词：宜昌江段 生物毒性 稀有鲫胚胎 水质评估 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]