超声弹性成像对肝纤维化的诊断及应用  

Application of ultrasound elastography in the diagnosis of liver fibrosis

作　　者：李沁园 董常峰[2] 姜伟 Li Qinyuan;Dong Changfeng;Jiang wei(Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University,Guangdong Zhanjiang 524000,China;Department of Ultrasound,Shenzhen Third People's Hospital,Guangdong Shenzhen 518112,China;Department of Ultrasound,Shenzhen Sixth People's Hospital,Guangdong Shenzhen 518000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学研究生院,广东湛江524000 [2]深圳市第三人民医院超声科,广东深圳518112 [3]深圳市第六人民医院超声科,广东深圳518000

出　　处：《新发传染病电子杂志》2020年第3期207-211,共5页Electronic Journal of Emerging Infectious Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(61031003)。

摘　　要：肝纤维化是各类慢性肝病持续进展的病理学表现,也是肝硬化的必经阶段,对于肝纤维化的准确诊断一直是临床难点及研究热点,肝穿刺活检作为唯一的肝纤维化诊断“金标准”已被临床采用,但因肝活检术为有创性检查,风险较高且容易发生出血、感染、脏器破裂等并发症,费用昂贵,患者接受程度低且不宜反复多次进行,使得肝纤维化的随访观察受到限制。近年来如何做到无创性准确分期肝纤维化成为新的研究热点,超声弹性成像技术作为新型医学影像与生物力学相结合的诊断技术,以其无创、简便、实时可视化、定量评估肝脏硬度等优势在慢性肝脏疾病肝纤维化的分期诊断及肝移植术后肝纤维化程度的评价等方面应用日益广泛,可为临床指导患者治疗、评估预后及动态监测病情。本文就超声弹性成像技术原理、最新进展、应用现状及面临挑战做简单介绍。Liver fibrosis is a ultimate pathological manifestation of various chronic liver diseases,and also an inevitable stage for liver cirrhosis.However,how to accurately diagnose liver fibrosis has always been a challenge and research hotspot in the clinical setting.Although liver biopsy remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis,its application is limited by its invasiveness,relatively high risk potential complications such as bleeding,infection,and rupture of organs,high cost,low patient's acceptance and it is not suitable for repeatable test,which limited the surveillance for liver fibrosis in the follow-up.In recent years,how to noninvasively and accurately stage liver fibrosis has become a new research hotspot.And ultrasound elastography,as a diagnosis technique combining a new type of medical imaging and biomechanics is characterize for its non-invasiveness and simpleness,advantage of real-time visualization and its quantitative nature,which can be used to quantitatively evaluate liver stiffness.As a result,it was extensively used to stage fibrosis of chronic liver disease and to evaluate the liver stiffness after liver transplantation.Also,it could be integrated into the guidance for clinical treatment prognosis assessment,and dynamic surveillance for the patients.This article briefly introduces the technique principles,latest developments,application status,and challenges of ultrasonic elastography.

关 键 词：超声弹性成像技术 肝纤维化 肝脏硬度 肝移植 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]