一株库车小白杏采后软腐病原细菌的分离鉴定及验证  

Isolation,identification and verification of a decay pathogenic bacterium in Kuqa apricot

作　　者：刘晓静 楚敏[1] 朱静[1] 唐琦勇[1] 宋素琴[1] 孙建[1] 朱璇 张志东[1,2] LIU Xiaojing;CHU Min;ZHU Jing;TANG Qiyong;SONG Suqin;SUN Jian;ZHU Xuan;ZHANG Zhidong(Institute of Microbiology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology,Urumqi 830091,China;College of Food Sciences and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所/新疆特殊环境微生物重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2020年第18期105-110,共6页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2018D01A15)。

摘　　要：从库车小白杏采后自然软腐组织中筛选获得1株潜在病原细菌XAAS-XY2,经16S rDNA系统进化树构建,并结合生理生化鉴定,初步确定其归属于葡糖杆菌属(Gluconobacter)。为了确定其与采后库车小白杏软腐变质的关系,该实验利用离体接种法对其致腐能力进行了测试。结果表明,菌株XAAS-XY2对采后不同成熟度的库车小白杏均具有较强的致腐能力,并呈现出与自然软腐一致的病状。其中,菌株对完熟期杏果的致腐能力最强,接种4 d后,其致腐率即可达100%,与自然对照组相比,接种组杏果软腐提前2 d发生。同时,接种组病灶中微生物经再分离、鉴定,结果显示,菌株XAAS-XY2是病灶组织中的绝对优势菌群,进一步证明了菌株XAAS-XY2是导致库车小白杏采后软腐变质的主要病原细菌。此外,研究发现,卡那霉素、四环素、妥布霉素、阿米卡星、链霉素、利福平、庆大霉素、诺氟沙星对菌株XAAS-XY2均表现出了较强的抑制效果。该研究结果为库车小白杏采后贮藏保鲜、软腐及病害的防治等相关研究提供了基础,为进一步阐明其采后软腐变质的内在机理提供了科学依据。A potential pathogenic bacterium named XAAS-XY2 was isolated from the decay tissue of postharvest Kuqa apricot.The strain was identified as Glucobacter sp.by 16S rDNA sequence analysis and physiological and biochemical characteristics.The inoculation method was used to determine the relationship between strain XAAS-XY2 and the decay of postharvest Kuqa apricot.Results showed that strain XAAS-XY2 exhibited the ability to cause decay in different maturity stages,and the symptoms were the same as the natural group.Particularly,the decay rate of the inoculation treatments in the fully ripe apricot reached 100%after 4 day.It appeared 2 days earlier than the natural group.Then,microorganisms in the decay tissue of the inoculation treatments were isolated and identified.Results demonstrated that strain XAAS-XY2 was the dominant bacterium and was the main pathogenic bacterium lead to the decay in Kuqa apricot.In addition,strain XAAS-XY2 was susceptible to several antibiotics included kanamycin,tetracycline,tobramycin,amikacin,streptomycin,rifampicin,gentamicin,norfloxacin.It provides a scientific basis for storage,disease prevention and control as well as further clarifying the mechanism for the decay of postharvest Kuqa apricot.

关 键 词：杏 软腐 病原细菌 鉴定 葡糖杆菌属 

分 类 号：TS255.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]