超高压水压泵柱塞副间隙泄漏占比的仿真计算  

Simulation Prediction of the Clearance Leakage Ratio of Piston Couples in Ultra-high Pressure Water Hydraulic Pump

作　　者：刘世琦 冀宏[1] 刘银水[2] LIU Shi-qi;JI Hong;LIU Yin-shui(College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, Gansu 730050;School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《液压与气动》2020年第10期19-25,共7页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0304800)。

摘　　要：考虑间隙内水介质黏度、间隙受压形变在柱塞轴向沿程变化,用AMESim软件对超高压水压泵细长型柱塞副在工作压力从0~120 MPa变化时的间隙、泄漏占理论排量的比值进行了计算预测。结果表明:随着工作压力升高,柱塞间隙内水介质黏度沿程变化引起的泄漏量呈近似线性增长,在120 MPa时间隙泄漏增大25%;间隙高压形变引起的泄漏量快速增长,在120 MPa时间隙泄漏增加3倍;当配合间隙为3,5,7μm时,间隙泄漏占比为3.51%,8.93%和18.51%;超高压工况下,影响柱塞间隙泄漏的主要因素是柱塞副间隙大小、间隙高压变形量、柱塞副接触长度、柱塞偏心量,减小柱塞副配合间隙、间隙高压变形量,增大柱塞副接触长度,可显著减小泄漏,提高容积效率。By using AMESim,the ratio of the clearance leakage to the theoretical displacement of the slim piston couples clearance is simulated when the ultra-high pressure water hydraulic pump working pressure changes from 0 to 120 MPa,which is affected by the water medium viscosity and the compressive deformation of clearance along the axial direction of the piston.The results show that:with the increase of pressure,the clearance leakage caused by the water medium viscosity increases linearly,and it increases by 25%at 120 MPa;the clearance leakage caused by the deformation increases rapidly,and it triples at 120 MPa.When the clearance is 3,5 and 7μm,the clearance leakage ratio is 3.51%,8.93%and 18.51%,respectively.Under the situation of ultra-high pressure,the main factors affecting the clearance leakage of piston couples are the size of piston couples clearance,the deformation of clearance,the contact length of piston couples and the piston eccentric.The leakage can be significantly reduced and the volume efficiency can be improved by reducing the piston couples clearance and the deformation of clearance,and increasing the contact length of piston couples.

关 键 词：超高压 细长型柱塞 间隙泄漏占比 黏度沿程变化 高压形变 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]