2018年夏季南奥克尼群岛南极磷虾集群特征  

Aggregation characteristics of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)in the South Orkney Islands in summer 2018

作　　者：万树杰 黄开 杨洋[1,2] 刘慧[1,2] 朱国平[1,2,3,4] WAN Shujie;HUANG Kai;YANG Yang;LIU Hui;ZHU Guoping(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Center for Polar Research,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Polar Marine Ecosystem Lab,Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学极地研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,极地海洋生态系统研究室,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海210306

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第10期1707-1717,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1406801);国家自然科学基金(41776185)。

摘　　要：基于2018年夏季南奥克尼群岛南极磷虾资源声学调查数据,本研究对该海域南极磷虾集群进行了分析。结果显示,检测到南极磷虾集群3224个,反映集群特征的5个参数即深度、长度、厚度、面积及密度分别为(96.00±64.33)m、(218.52±455.66)m、(11.19±13.98)m、(1894.40±9345.72)m^2和(114.11±159.60)尾/m^3;不同时间段之间集群密度无显著性差异,但集群深度、长度、厚度及面积之间均存在显著性差异。不同水层间集群厚度和面积之间无显著性差异,但集群深度,长度和密度均存在显著性差异。南极磷虾集群共分为三类,其中第Ⅰ类集群密度最大,为(325.90±221.30)尾/m^3;集群规模最小,为(379.64±433.73)m^2;深度最深,为(158.06±67.54)m。第Ⅱ类集群的长度最长,为(1089.60±1189.56)m;集群面积为(15601.25±30243.33)m^2,远大于其他集群。第Ⅲ类集群深度最浅,为(78.91±52.88)m;密度最小,为(48.87±50.33)尾/m^3,但数量最多。Aggregation is a typical behavior of Antarctic krill(Euphausia superba).The distribution and type of aggregation is also the focus of E.superba behavior study.Based on acoustic data collected by E.superba resource survey,the aggregation of E.superba around the South Orkney Islands from January to February 2018 was investigated using the Simrad EK60(38 and 120 kHz)echosounder.The results indicated that a total of 3224 E.superba aggregations were detected,and the depth,length,thickness,area and density of E.superba aggregation were(96.00±64.33)m,(218.52±455.66)m,(11.19±13.98)m,(1894.40±9345.72)m^2,and(114.11±159.60)ind/m^3,respectively.In different periods of a day,significant differences were found between depth,length,thickness and area of E.superba aggregations,but density of E.superba aggregation had no significant difference.At different depths of E.superba aggregation,there were significant differences between depth,length,area of E.superba aggregation,but no significant differences were found between thickness and area of E.superba aggregation,respectively.Three types of E.superba aggregation were classified clearly.Type I had the highest density(325.90±221.30)ind/m^3,smallest area(379.64±433.73)m^2 and deepest depth(158.06±67.54)m;type II had the greatest length(1089.60±1189.56)m and the area(15601.25±30243.33)m^2 was much larger than other two types;typeⅢhad the smallest depth(78.91±52.88)m and smallest density(48.87±50.33)ind/m^3,but it had the greatest number of E.superba in the aggregation.

关 键 词：南极磷虾 集群 声学 南奥克尼群岛 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]