汽油机缸内直喷喷嘴结构参数对雾化特性的影响研究  

Influence of Nozzle Structure Parameters on Atomization Characteristics for an In-Cylinder Direct Injection Gasoline Engine

作　　者：孙英杉 王金鹏 葛冀欢 SUN Yingshan;WANG Jinpeng;GE Jihuan(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;Laiwu Gas Thermal Company,Laiwu 271100,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学能源与动力工程学院,武汉430063 [2]莱芜市燃气热力公司,莱芜271100

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2020年第5期9-15,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家创新创业训练计划基金项目(201910497117)。

摘　　要：为了改进缸内直喷汽油机用电磁涡旋式喷嘴的喷雾特性,对喷嘴孔径、螺线管电阻和涡旋片等结构参数进行了优化设计,并在喷雾试验台上对燃油质量流量、喷雾发展过程、喷雾锥角、喷雾贯穿距、针阀延迟和喷雾粒径分布进行了试验验证。结果表明:优化设计后的喷嘴的质量流率大于原商用喷嘴的质量流率,而质量流率的线性度接近原商用喷嘴。在相同喷射时间5 ms及喷油压力9.5 MPa下,当喷嘴孔径由0.55 mm增大为0.70 mm时,喷雾发展过程较为快速,燃油流量增加约56%,喷雾锥角增加10°,但喷雾不稳定性也随之提高,雾化粒径增大。不同喷油压力下的喷雾锥角变化较大,靠近喷嘴的喷雾轮廓与孔口设计有关。喷油压力增大时,其质量流率会随之增大,雾化粒径分布在10μm^20μm范围内的喷雾液滴体积分数也会随之上升,从而提高雾化程度。In order to improve the spray characteristics of electromagnetic scroll nozzles for an in-cylinder direct injection gasoline(GDI)engine,the structural parameters,such as nozzle aperture,solenoid resistance and scroll blade were optimized,and then,the fuel mass flow rate,spray development process,spray cone angle,spray penetration distance,needle valve delay and atomized particle size distribution were experimentally verified using a spray test rig.Results show that the fuel mass flow rate of the optimized nozzle is greater than that of the original nozzle,and its linearity remains basically unchanged.For the injection time of 5 ms and the injection pressure of 9.5 MPa,increasing the nozzle aperture from 0.55 mm to 0.70 mm accelerates the spray development process coupled to the increase of the fuel flow rate of about 56%and the spray cone angle of 10°,but the instability and particle size of the spray will also increase.At different injection pressures,the spray cone angle varies greatly with the aperture design.Increasing the injection pressure leads to an increase in the fuel mass flow rate,and makes the volume fraction of atomized particle size distribution in the range of 10μm to 20μm increase,thus improving the atomization.

关 键 词：汽油机 汽油缸内直喷 喷嘴设计 雾化特性 

分 类 号：TK413.8[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]