基于SOFM网络的西藏自治区流域尺度生态功能分区  

Ecological Function Zoning of Tibet Autonomous Region Based on SOFM Network at Watershed Scale

作　　者：牛泽鹏 王晓峰[2,3] 罗广祥 尹礼唱 Niu Zepeng;Wang Xiaofeng;Luo Guangxiang;Yin Lichang(School of Earth Science and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China;School of Land Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710064,China;Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西西安710064 [2]长安大学土地工程学院,陕西西安710064 [3]陕西省土地整治重点实验室,陕西西安710064 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2020年第4期116-123,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“‘两屏三带’生态系统服务格局优化”(2018YFC0507300);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA2002040201);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究:生态安全屏障优化体系专题(2019QZKK0405)。

摘　　要：[目的]基于区域关键生态系统服务,研究西藏自治区生态功能区划,为高原生态系统的区域综合认知和空间综合治理提供科学依据。[方法]在GIS技术支持下,基于区域关键生态系统服务功能构建西藏生态功能分区指标体系,运用自组织特征映射(SOFM)网络聚类栅格单元指标,并基于小流域单元逐步合并破碎化的聚类结果来确定生态功能区边界。[结果]①区域内各生态系统服务功能指标整体上呈现出从东南向西北递减的格局;②根据各分类栅格的景观聚集度指数确定最优分类数为5类;③破碎化的5种聚类结果经过子流域单元的合并而最终被划分为5个生态功能区。[结论]根据各区域生态系统特征进行命名,划分出藏北高寒荒漠草原生态脆弱区、藏中草原牧业盈余区、藏东亚热带山地针叶林农牧产品供给区、藏东南亚热带山地针叶林产水区和藏东南热带季雨林生物多样性保护区5个生态功能区。[Objective]Based on the regional key ecosystem services,the regional ecological function regionalization of Tibet Autonomous Region was studied to provide basis for the regional comprehensive cognition and spatial comprehensive management of the plateau ecosystem.[Methods]With the support of GIS technology,the index system of ecological function partition in Tibet was constructed based on the regional key ecosystem service.Using the self-organizing feature mapping(SOFM)clustering grid cell index,the boundary of ecological functional area was determined by merging small watershed cells.[Results]①The ecosystem service function index exhibited a notable decreasing gradient from the southeast to the northwest.②According to the landscape aggregation index of each classification grid,the optimal classification number was five.③The fragmented five clustering results were finally divided into five ecological function areas after the merger of small watershed cells.[Conclusion]According to the characteristics of each regional ecosystem,the five ecological functional areas including:the ecologically fragile alpine desert grasslands in Northern Tibet,the animal husbandry surplus areas in Central Tibet region,the agriculture and animal husbandry product supply areas in East Asia tropical mountain coniferous forests,the water production areas in Southeast Asia tropical mountain coniferous forests,and the biodiversity protection areas in Southeast Tibet tropical seasonal rain forests.

关 键 词：生态功能分区 生态系统服务 SOFM网络 流域单元 西藏自治区 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]