62例急性多灶性脑出血的临床分析  

Clinical Analysis of 62 Cases of Acute Multifocal Cerebral Hemorrhage

作　　者：姜昕 JIANG Xin(Taian County Enliang Hospital of Anshan City in Liaoning Province,Anshan 114100,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省鞍山市台安县恩良医院,辽宁鞍山114100

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2020年第25期8-9,12,共3页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析急性多灶性脑出血患者的临床病例资料,总结患者的发病原因、发病机制以及临床病理特征。方法选取2017年1月至2019年2月我院收治的经临床病理诊断确诊为急性多灶性脑出血的患者62例作为观察组,另选同期我院收治的经临床病理确诊为急性单灶性脑出血的患者62例作为对照组。回顾性分析两组患者的临床病例资料,总结急性多灶性脑出血患者的发病原因、发病机制和临床特征等;统计急性多灶性脑出血的发生率;比较两组患者的发病原因、病死率、合并感染情况、治疗后的神经功能缺损程度、脑出血部位。结果本研究共收治急性脑出血患者3036例,其中急性多灶性脑出血62例,占2.04%。出血原因:观察组患者高血压54例,占87.10%,高血脂5例,占8.06%,其他3例,占4.84%;对照组患者高血压50例,占80.65%,高血脂8例,占12.90%,其他4例,占6.45%;两组患者出血原因比较,无明显统计学差异,P>0.05。观察组患者死亡12例,占19.35%,对照组患者死亡2例,占3.23%,观察组患者病死率高于对照组,P<0.05。观察组患者发生呼吸道感染38例(61.29%)、上消化道感染14例(22.58%)、尿路感染22例(35.48%),对照组患者发生呼吸道感染22例(35.48%)、上消化道感染14例(22.58%)、尿路感染8例(12.90%),观察组患者呼吸道感染、上消化道感染、尿路感染发生率均高于对照组,P<0.05。观察组患者治疗后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分为(70.62±4.61)分,低于对照组的(84.58±6.05)分,差异存在统计学意义,P<0.05;相比对照组患者的主要出血部位在皮质,观察组患者的主要出血部位集中在脑叶和基底节部位,临床表现更为复杂。结论急性多灶性脑出血患者发病率相对较低,但临床具有超高病死率,导致患者出血的原因主要为高血压,及时通过CT扫描进行诊断可有效地为患者进行病情检出,患者发病后很容易合并各种感染�Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical case data of patients with acute multifocal cerebral hemorrhage,and to summarize the cause of the disease,the mechanism of the disease and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patient.Methods 62 patients with acute multifocal intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosed by clinical pathology and admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to February 2019 were selected as the observation group.In addition,62 patients with acute unifocal cerebral hemorrhage diagnosed by clinical pathology admitted to our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.To retrospectively analyze the clinical case data of the two groups of patients,and to summarize the cause of the disease,the mechanism of the disease and the clinicopathological characteristics of the patient.To count the incidence of acute multifocal cerebral hemorrhage.The causes of disease,fatality rate,co-infection,degree of neurological deficit after treatment,and location of cerebral hemorrhage were compared between the two groups of patients.Results In this study,a total of 3036 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were treated,including 62 cases of acute multifocal cerebral hemorrhage,accounting for 2.04%.Causes of bleeding:In the observation group,54 cases of hypertension accounting for 87.10%,5 cases of hyperlipidemia,accounting for 8.06%,the other 3 cases,accounting for 4.84%;50 cases of hypertension in the control group,accounting for 80.65%,8 cases of hyperlipidemia,accounting for 12.90%,the other 4 cases,accounting for 6.45%;there was no significant difference in the cause of bleeding between the two groups,P>0.05;in the observation group,there were 12 deaths,accounting for 19.35%,and in the control group,there were 2 deaths,accounting for 3.23%.The mortality rate of the observation group was higher than that in the control group,P<0.05.In the observation group,38 cases(61.29%)of respiratory tract infections,14 cases(22.58%)of upper gastrointestinal tract infections,22 cases(35.48%)

关 键 词：急性多灶性脑出血 急性单灶性脑出血 发病原因 发病机制 临床病理特征 

分 类 号：R743.34[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]