低氧诱导因子在急性肾损伤中作用的研究现状  

Research status of effect of hypoxia inducible factor in acute kidney injury

作　　者：武子霞[1] 杨定位 Wu Zixia;Yang Dingwei(Tianjin Hospital,Tianjin 300211,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市天津医院,天津300211

出　　处：《中国中西医结合急救杂志》2020年第5期638-640,共3页Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Intensive and Critical Care

摘　　要：急性肾损伤(AKI)是由多种病因引起的以肾小球滤过率突然下降、肾功能急剧减退为特征的临床综合征,表现为血清肌酐(SCr)增加,尿量减少,电解质和酸碱平衡紊乱.AKI发病率高、预后差,严重威胁人类生命健康.近年来证实低氧诱导因子(HIF)与AKI有密切关系.HIF是1992年Semenza团队用低氧处理人肝癌细胞Hep3B研究促红细胞生成素(EPO)基因表达时在细胞核中发现的一种核转录激活因子,它可以与特定DNA的低氧反应元件(HRE)结合,介导靶基因转录.HIF由α-亚基(HIF-α)和β-亚基(HIF-1β)2个亚基构成,HIF-α与HIF-1β聚合为异源二聚体时才能发挥其转录因子的活性.而AKI的病理生理过程复杂,涉及肾脏缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤、细胞凋亡、氧化应激、炎症因子、内皮素及一氧化氮(NO)学说、内皮功能障碍等多个方面.HIF可通过多种机制对肾脏起到保护作用.本文从HIF的基本结构与功能、HIF在AKI中的作用几个方面就HIF与AKI之间的联系进行综述.Acute kidney injury(AKI)is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden deerease of glomerular filtration rate and rapid decline of renal funetion caused by various causes.It is characterized by inerease of serum creatinine(SCr).decrease of urine volume and disorder of eleetrolyle and acid-base balance.AKI has high incidence and poor prognosis,which seriously threatens human life and health.In recent years,it has been confirmed that hypoxia inducible factor(HIF)is closely related to AKI.HIF is a ruclear transeription activator found in the nucleus of Hep3B cells treated with hypoxia when Semenza's team studied the gene expression of erythropoietin(EPO)in 1992.It can be combined with hypoxia response element(HRE)of speife DNA to mediate target gene transcripion.HIF is composed of two subunits such asα-subunit(HIF-α)andβ-subunit(HIF-1β).Only when HIF-αand HIF-1βare polymerized into heterodimers.can the activity of transcription faclors be brought into play.The pathophysiological process of AKI is complex,involving renal ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,apoplosis,oxidative stress,inflammatory factors,endothelin and nitric oxide(NO)theory,endothelial dysfunction and so on.HIF can play a protective role in kidney through a variely of mechanisms.This article reviews the relationship between HIF and AKI from the hasie strueture and function of HIF and the role of HIF in AKI.

关 键 词：急性肾损伤 缺氧诱导因子 研究进展 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]