指称与描述:量词重叠的功能差异与韵律表达  

The Expressive Functions of Classifier Reduplication in Mandarin Chinese and Their Prosodic Representations

作　　者：贾林华[1] JIA Lin-hua(International Education Institute,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学国际教育学院,北京102206

出　　处：《汉语学习》2020年第5期14-21,共8页Chinese Language Learning

摘　　要：汉语普通话量词重叠式(CLCL)表面形态虽同,但在表述功能、韵律模式及语体属性上可细分为二类:CLCL1和CLCL2。就表述功能而言,CLCL1为指称性重叠,重在指称相关集合内的所有个体;CLCL2为描述性重叠,重在描述对象在某物理空间内的存在状态。前者为派生性功能,后者为基础性功能。就韵律结构而言,CLCL1为轻声式重叠,韵律模式为[CL重+CL轻],CLCL2为重音式重叠,韵律模式为[CL重+CL重];在语流中,CLCL1一般组合为[重轻+轻]的韵律模式,而CLCL2一般组合为[重重+重重]的韵律模式。在语体上,韵律分量可作为鉴别语体的依据,CLCL1韵律分量轻,属于口语非正式语体;CLCL2分量重,属于书面文艺体。With the seemingly identical morphological forms CLCL,classifier reduplications in Mandarin Chinese are in fact the two heterogenous constructions CLCL1 and CLCL2.In terms of their expressive functions,CLCL1 is used to refer to every individual within some relevant set,whereas CLCL2 is used to describe the existential state of some object in some physical space.In terms of their prosodic representations,CLCL1 is termed as light reduplication with the[H+L]prosodic structure in which the first syllable is heavy and the second lightened,on the other way around,CLCL2 is heavy reduplication with[H+H]structure in which both syllables are heavy.In connected speeches,CLCL1 is often directly linked with the adverbial DOU and thus has the[HL+L]structure,while CLCL2 being linked with double heavy syllable nouns thus has the[HH+HH]structure.Prosodic weight can be used to distinguish register properties,CLCL1 is used in informal spoken contexts while CLCL1 in written literary contexts.

关 键 词：量词重叠 表述功能 指称 描述 韵律 语体 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]