形声字隐性读音规则提取的量化研究  

The Quantitative Study on the Extraction of Implicit Pronunciation Rules of Pictophonetic Characters

作　　者：刘凤芹 张晓曼 LIU Feng-qin;ZHANG Xiao-man(Shandong University,Weihai 264209;Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文化传播学院,威海264209 [2]青岛大学国际教育学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《汉语学习》2020年第5期78-87,共10页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“面向汉语国际教育的词素属性库构建与应用研究”(项目编号:19YJA740034);山东省研究生教育创新计划项目“汉语国际教育汉字属性库构建研究”(项目编号:SDYY16128)资助。

摘　　要：语音的历史演变导致约一半的形声字不能准确示音,而汉语二语学习者对汉字读音信息的渴望又往往超出我们的预期,因此有必要提取形声字隐性的读音信息为认知和教学服务。从汉语语音的系统性原则出发,基于《等级划分》的1867个形声字,本探究主要从声母、韵母的亲缘关系,兼顾声母发音部位的一致性、韵母的相似性提取隐性读音规则。隐性读音规则的提取使得形声字读音的规则性大大增强,同时,声符家族字读音的一致性也有不同程度的提升。因此,可以充分利用声符或声符家族字线索识记形声字读音,多角度寻求读音认知策略,提升学习者的声符意识和语音规则性意识。Due to the historical evolution of phonetics,about half of pictophonetic characters cannot be accurately identified.However,Chinese second language learners’desire to learn the pronunciation information of Chinese characters has been found to be beyond previous expectation.Therefore,it is necessary to extract implicit pronunciation information of pictophonetic characters for cognition and teaching services.Proceeding from the systematic principles of Chinese phonetics,based on the 1867 pictophonetic characters in“Classification”,the implicit pronunciation rules of pictophonetic characters are extracted from the affinities of initials and finals,taking into account the consistency of the initials and the similarity of the finals.The extraction of implicit pronunciation rules has greatly enhanced the regularity of the pronunciation of pictophonetic characters.At the same time,the consistency of the pronunciation of phonetic family has also improved significantly.Therefore,it is possible to make full use of phonetic radicals or phonetic family clues to memorize the pictophonetic charcters'pronunciation.This allows learners to seek the cognitive strategies of pronunciation from multiple perspectives,so as to improve their awareness of phonetic radicals and phonological regularity awareness.

关 键 词：形声字 隐性读音规则 规则性 表音能力 量化研究 

分 类 号：H195.1[语言文字—汉语]