从《长物志》中的“雅”“俗”评骘看明代文人的家具设计观——兼及当下古典园林中书斋陈设的问题  

Exploring the View of Furniture Design of the Literati in Ming Dynasty from the Assessment of “Elegance” and “Inelegance” in Superfluous Things ——and to Incorporate the Layout of Study Rooms in Classical Gardens

作　　者：邱文颖[1] QIU Wenying(Research Center of Wu Culture Inheritance and Innovation,Suzhou Vocational University,Suzhou,Jiangsu,215104)

机构地区：[1]苏州市职业大学,吴文化传承与创新研究中心,江苏苏州215104

出　　处：《艺术生活》2020年第1期35-40,共6页Art & Life

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学重点建设基地吴文化传承与创新研究中心(2018ZDJD-B018)项目成果。

摘　　要：晚明文震亨《长物志》中关于家具的"雅""俗"评骘涉及材质、样式、纹样、色彩、功用等方面,体现出明代文人以人为本、以简驭繁、倡雅绝俗、汲古纳新的设计观。以此审视当下古典园林的书斋陈设,存在着家具形似而失神韵,陈设位置程式化、不合理,家具种类单一,整体风格不尽和谐、缺乏个性等问题,这些正是在明式家具的承传中需要注意的。随着社会的发展变化,该秉承哪些传统精髓,又该结合时代特点借鉴、遵循哪些原则去创新,这是设计者必须重视并思考的问题。The assessment of"elegance"and"inelegance"on the furniture in Wen Zhenheng’s Superfluous Things in late Ming dynasty involves material, style, pattern, color, function and other aspects. It reflects the view of the literati in Ming dynasty on furniture design, which is human-oriented, to simplify the complexity, to advocate elegance and abandon inelegance, and to absorb ancient and modern beauties. As per this viewpoint, the furniture layout of study rooms in current classical gardens has the drawbacks of similarity in appearance while insimilarity in sprits, stylized and irrational layout, singleness in type and inharmony in style, shortness of personality, etc.. With the advancement of modern society, which traditional essence should be inherited and further developed to integrate with the modern development and which direction the innovations should be focused on? These are the problems that the designers must pay attention to and think about.

关 键 词：《长物志》 明式家具 设计观 雅俗 文人 

分 类 号：J525[艺术—艺术设计] J501