应用平衡稳定条件分析化学平衡的移动  

Applications of Stability Conditions of Equilibrium in Predicting Shifts of Chemical Equilibrium

作　　者：杨嫣[1] 陈山川[1] 马爱洁[1] 张改[1] YANG Yan;CHEN Shan-Chuan;MA Ai-Jie;ZHANG Gai(School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学材料与化工学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《化学教育（中英文）》2020年第18期106-108,共3页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

基　　金：西安工业大学教学改革研究项目(17JGY15,16JGZ03);西安工业大学2016年MOOC建设“无机化学”资助项目。

摘　　要：化学平衡的移动规律是物理化学中重要的知识点之一。平衡稳定条件在经典热力学中占有重要的地位,但很少用于处理化学平衡问题。根据热力学原理,推导了简单的均匀隔离系统的平衡稳定条件,并将其用于分析温度和总压力对化学平衡移动的影响,结论为改变温度和总压力,使化学平衡朝着稳定平衡的方向移动。这种分析方法非常简单,也加深了我们对稳定平衡的理解。同时,也指出了该方法的局限性。The shifts of chemical equilibrium are very important in physical chemistry.The stability conditions of equilibrium play an important role in classical thermodynamics,but they are seldom used to deal with chemical equilibrium problems.In this paper,the stability conditions of equilibrium of a simple uniform isolation system are derived according to the thermodynamic theory.The stability conditions are used to predict the influence of temperature and total pressure on the chemical equilibrium shifts.It is concluded that changing temperature and total pressure can make the chemical equilibrium shift towards stable equilibrium.This method is very simple and deepens our understanding of stable equilibrium.At the same time,the limitation of this method has been pointed out.

关 键 词：物理化学 热力学 平衡态 稳定条件 化学平衡 

分 类 号：O642.43[理学—物理化学]