绿肥间作对茶树根际土壤真菌群落的影响  

Effects of Intercropping Different Green Manures on Fungal Community Characteristics in Rhizosphere Soil of Tea Plant

作　　者：傅海平[1] 周品谦 王沅江[1] 莫泽东 李泽恒 马青平 Hoang Ha Nguyen 黎星辉[3] FU Hai-ping;ZHOU Pin-qian;WANG Yuan-jiang;MO Ze-dong;LI Ze-heng;MA Qing-ping;Hoang Ha Nguye;LI Xing-hui(Tea Research Institute,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;Agricultural and Grain Bureau of Anhua County,Anhua 413500,China;Tea Research Institute,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]安化县农业和粮食局,湖南安化413500 [3]南京农业大学茶叶科学研究所,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2020年第3期406-415,共10页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200900);湖南省科技创新计划(重点研发计划)(2018NK2032);国家现代茶叶产业技术体系(CARS-19);湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2019CY01)。

摘　　要：通过IonS5TM XL高通量测序技术探讨了茶园间作光叶苕子-茶肥1号(CF)、湘野豌1号-田菁(TJ)、肥田萝卜-圆叶决明(JM)对茶树根际土壤真菌群落结构特征和土壤养分的影响。结果表明:与对照(无间作)相比,间作绿肥提高了土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量,其提高幅度分别为1.19%~23.79%、0.87%~12.17%、4.37%~14.34%、23.08%~62.12%和7.70%~44.06%。茶树根际土壤真菌Shannon指数和Chaos指数的变化趋势均为TJ>CK>JM>CF,其中TJ与CF处理间差异显著(P<0.05),其他处理间差异不显著(P>0.05)。被孢霉门(Mortierellomycota)、子囊菌门(Ascomycota)和担子菌门(Basidiomycota)为茶树根际土壤中三大优势真菌门,绿肥间作提高了担子菌门的相对丰度,降低了球囊菌门(Glomeromycota)和罗兹菌门(Rozellomycota)的相对丰度;被孢霉纲(Mortierellomycetes)、银耳纲(Tremellomycetes)和粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycets)为三大优势菌纲;沙蜥属(Saitozyma)、被孢霉属(Mortierell)和镰刀霉属(Fusarium)为3大优势菌属。冗余(RDA)分析结果显示,土壤全磷、有效磷、有机质、全氮和碱解氮影响茶树根际土壤真菌群落结构。经FUNGuild软件平台分析显示,茶树根际包含如下生态功能群:未定义腐生菌、丛枝菌根、真菌寄生菌、木质腐生菌、动物病原菌、植物病原菌、外生真菌等。茶园间作绿肥翻埋还田,能有效调节茶树根际土壤真菌群组成,改善茶园土壤生态环境,是实现茶叶绿色可持续发展的重要措施。In this study,the effect of intercropping smooth vetch-tea manure No.1(CF),vicia sativa No.1-sesbania sativa(TJ)and feitian radish-cassia rotundifolia(JM)on fungi community characteristics in rhizosphere soil of tea plant and soil nutrients were analyzed by using IonS5TM XL high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that compared with the control(no intercropping),intercropping green manure increased the contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium by 1.19%~23.79%,0.87%~12.17%,4.37%~14.34%,23.08%~62.12% and 7.70%~44.06%,respectively.The change trend of Shannon index and chaos index of tea rhizosphere soil fungi were TJ>CK>JM>CF,and the difference between TJ and CF treatments was significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference among other treatments(P>0.05).Mortierellomycota,Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the three dominant phyla in tea rhizosphere soil,intercropping green manure increased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota,but decreased the relative abundance of Glomeromycota and Rozellomycota.Mortierellomycetes,Tremellomycetes and Sordariomycets were the three dominant classes,while Saitozyma,Mortierell and Fusarium were the three dominant genera.The results of redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that total phosphorus,available phosphorus,organic matter,total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen affected the fungal community structure of tea rhizosphere soi.According to the analysis of fuguild software platform,the rhizosphere of tea plant contains the following ecological functional groups:undefined saprophytic fungi,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,fungal parasitic fungi,saprophytic fungi,animal pathogens,plant pathogens,ectophytic fungi,etc.It is an important measure to realize green and sustainable development of tea production that intercropping green manure in tea garden can effectively regulate the composition of fungal community in tea rhizosphere soil and improve the ecological environment of tea garden

关 键 词：茶树 绿肥 根际土壤 真菌结构 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]