基于漏失量测定的采空区覆岩裂隙带高度探测技术  

Technology and equipment for detecting height of overlying rock fracture zone ingoaf based on leakage measurement

作　　者：龙威成 赵继展 Long Weicheng;Zhao Jizhan(Xi′an Research Institute,China Coal Technology&Engineering Group,Xi′an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《能源与环保》2020年第10期86-91,共6页CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2020-TD-MS010)。

摘　　要：煤矿井下采空区的形成导致采场周围岩体的应力重新分布,覆岩在垂向上形成冒落带、裂隙带和弯曲下沉带3个不同变形特征的分带,裂隙带高度是瓦斯抽采、矿井防治水等工作的重要参数。分析了煤矿井下采空区覆岩破坏理论和裂隙带高度确定方法研究现状,研究了基于井下钻孔岩层漏失量测定的采空区覆岩裂隙带高度探测技术与方法,研制了水压膨胀式封隔器和双通道式测试管柱等测试设备,水压膨胀式封隔器膨胀系数大,与钻孔壁贴合紧密,实现钻孔分段严密封堵,且体积小、耐磨;双通道式测试管柱,一路用于膨胀孔内封隔器,另一路用于注水测定岩层漏失量,解决了以往采用橡胶软管耐压差、易损坏、软管与钻杆缠绕导致输送困难等问题。黄陵某矿现场应用表明,采用水压膨胀式封隔器和双通道式测试管柱等测试设备、基于漏失量测定的煤矿采空区覆岩裂隙带高度探测技术,可方便、快速、准确地测定采空区覆岩裂隙带高度,为矿井高位孔瓦斯抽采及顶板防治水提供技术依据。The formation of the goaf in the coal mine results in the redistribution of the stress of the rock mass around the stope.The overlying rock vertically forms three zones with different deformation characteristics,i.e.the caving zone,the fracture zone and the bending subsidence zone.The height of the fracture zone is an important parameter for gas drainage and mine water prevention.Based on the analysis of the failure theory of overlying rock and the research status of the determination method of the height of the fracture zone,the detection technology and method of the height of the overlying rock fracture zone in the goaf based on the measurement of the leakage of the underground drilling strata are studied,and the test equipment such as the hydraulic expansion packer and the double channel test string were developed.The hydraulic expansion packer has a large expansion coefficient,and is closely connected with the borehole wall,small in volume and wear-resistant;the double channel test string is used for the packer in the expansion hole and the water injection to measure the leakage of the rock stratum,which solves the problems such as poor pressure resistance of the rubber hose,easy damage,difficulty in transportation caused by the winding of the hose and the drill pipe in the past.The field application of a mine in Huangling showed that the detection technology of the height of the overlying rock fracture zone in the goaf based on the leakage measurement and the test equipment such as hydraulic expansion packer and double channel test string can be used to measure the height of the overlying rock fracture zone in the goaf conveniently,rapidly and accurately,which provides the technical basis for the gas drainage of the high level hole and the prevention and control of the roof water.

关 键 词：采空区覆岩 裂隙带高度 岩层漏失量 井下探测 双通道式测试管柱 

分 类 号：TD823[矿业工程—煤矿开采]